Dairy Cattle Farmers’ Behaviour and Factors Affecting the Effort to Enhance the Economic of Scale at Getasan District, Semarang Regency

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perilaku peternak sapi perah dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya dalam upaya meningkatkan skala ekonomi usaha. Metoda survey digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan diterapkan pada 75 peternak sapi perah di Kecamatan Getasan, Kabupaten Semarang. Sampel dipilih secara acak dari 3 desa yaitu Jetak, Batur dan Tajur, masing-masing 25 peternak. Data dianalisis dengan regresi model logit, menggunakan 15 indikator perilaku dan faktor sosial ekonomi sebagai prediktor (variabel bebas), yaitu umur peternak, pendidikan formal, jumlah anggota keluarga, pengalaman beternak, jumlah sapi yang dipelihara, produksi susu dan penguasaan lahan. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 40,04% peternak merupakan pengambil risiko yang bagus, 33,07% menengah dan 20,89% jelek. Perilaku peternak untuk meningkatkan skala ekonomi usaha dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh umur peternak, produksi susu dan jumlah sapi yang dipelihara. Odds ratio dari umur, produksi susu dan jumlah sapi secara berturut-turut adalah 0,93; 1,32 dan 1,37. Nilai-nilai ini mengandung arti bahwa setiap penambahan umur 1 tahun diikuti dengan kehilangan kemauan mengambil risiko sebesar 0,93 kali; setiap kenaikan produksi susu sebesar 1 liter akan diikuti dengan kenaikan kemauan mengambil risiko sebesar 1,32 kali dan setiap kenaikan jumlah sapi yang dipelihara sebesar 1 ST akan diikuti dengan kenaikan kemauan untuk mengambil risiko sebesar 1,37 kali.Kata kunci: perilaku peternak, skala ekonomi usaha, sapi perah, model logit ABSTRACTThe objectives of the research were to investigate the behavior of dairy farmers and factors affecting the effort to enhance the economic of scale. Survey was conducted on 75 dairy farmers at Getasan District, Semarang Regency. Samples were drawn in random from villages of Jetak, Batur and Tajur, 25 farmers each. The data were analyzed by logit model regression, using 15 indicators of behavioural approach and socio-economic factors as predictors (independent variables) i.e. ages, formal education, family size, experience in cattle rearing, number of cattle raised, production of milk and land occupation. The result showed that 40.04% of the farmers were good, 33.07% were moderate and 20.89% were low risk takers. The farmers' behaviour in enhancing economic of scale significantly influenced by the farmers' age, milk production and number of cattle reared. The odds ratio of ages, milk production and number of cattle reared were 0.93; 1.32 and 1.37, respectively. These values indicated that as values of ages increased as much as 1 year, the values of the willingness on risk taking will decrease as much as 0.93 times; the values of milk production increase as much as 1 litre, the values of the willingness on risk taking will increase as much as 1.32 times; and the values of the number of cattle increased as much as 1 AU, the values of the willingness on risk taking will increase as much as 1.37 times.

The Profitability Analysis of Dairy Cattle Business on the Group of Dairy Farmers in West Ungaran District Semarang Regency

“…In addition, lack of capital and other inputs including the problems increase in business (Monzote et al, 2009). Besides, problems farmers income of dairy cattle can also influenced by the experience, knowledge and attitude of farmers (Eddy et al, 2012). The benefit obtained was significantly affected by capital that the optimal use of capital and in accordance with the need will increase profit optimally (Haloho et al, 2013).…”

Profit Function Analysis of Dairy Cattle Farming in Getasan and West Ungaran Districts, Semarang Regency

“…The experience was expected to improve skills on dairy cattle business management, so it would increase the dairy cattle farmers' income. According to Eddy et al (2012), experience affects the technology adoption also encourages knowledge, attitude and decision making skill of being a better farmer.…”

Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Potong Rakyat di Kabupaten Langkat

“…Semakin lama pengalaman beternak maka lebih mampu mengarah pada manajemen bisnis sehingga mampu meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Eddy et al (2012) yang menyatakan bahwa pengalaman mempengaruhi adopsi teknologi yang mendukung pengetahuan, sikap dan pengambilan keputusan petani bahwa pengalaman beternak yang lama akan memberikan bekal pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengelola usaha ternaknya. Semakin lama beternak, cenderung semakin memudahkan peternak dalam pengambilan keputusan yang berhubungan dengan teknis pelaksanaan usaha ternaknya.…”