Dam Influences on Liver Fluke Transmission: Fish Infection and Human Fish Consumption Behavior

Ong, Xueyuan; Wang, Yi-Chen; Sithithaworn, Paiboon; Grundy‐Warr, Carl; Pitaksakulrat, Opal

doi:10.1080/24694452.2015.1122508

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…viverrini infection prevalence between villages located near river inlets as compared with villages near the Ubolratana reservoir, infected villagers from near the reservoir had more than double the parasite intensity as compared with villagers from near the river. The pattern of infection intensities among humans thus matched the infection density of fish collected from these locations, with higher overall fish infection associated with the reservoir when compared with river inlets [42], while there was no difference in infection density in the fish from the south or north reservoir.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…As fish in the reservoir is more plentiful, people who lived farther away from both river inlets and reservoir also tended to rely upon fish caught from the reservoir [42]. Differences in fish infection levels depending on waterbody can affect the level of exposure of humans to the risk of infection, as is evident in the results; the average intensity of infection in the S-river village was low despite the lack of chemotherapy effort, and lower than both N-reservoir and S-reservoir villages, despite the recent chemotherapy treatment efforts in the N-reservoir village in particular.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other two, Fa Luem and Pho Tak, are in the province of Khon Kaen, to the south of the reservoir (Fig 1). According to Ong et al [42], levels of O . viverrini infection of intermediate fish hosts were greater in fish caught in the main body of the reservoir when compared with those captured in rivers draining into the reservoir.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variations in level of infections of fish by waterbody type (reservoir or river inlet) were also analyzed, using data from Ong et al [42]. A t-test with unequal variances was used on log (x+1) transformed data, as data were not normally distributed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A t-test with unequal variances was used on log (x+1) transformed data, as data were not normally distributed. Differences in levels of infections in fish according to waterbody type [42] are compared with results from this study. Results from these analyses were used as a basis for examining the role of factors that have contributed to the pathogenic landscape for opisthorchiasis in the study area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncovering the Pathogenic Landscape of Helminth (Opisthorchis viverrini) Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study on Contributions of Physical and Social Environment and Healthcare Interventions

et al. 2016

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BackgroundHelminth infections have proven recalcitrant to control by chemotherapy in many parts of Southeast Asia and indeed farther afield. This study isolates and examines the influence of different aspects of the physical and social environment, and uneven intervention effort contributing to the pathogenic landscape of human Opisthorchis viverrini infections.MethodologyA cross-sectional survey, involving 632 participants, was conducted in four villages in northeast Thailand to examine the impact on prevalence and parasite burden of the reservoir dam environment, socio-economic, demographic, and behavioral factors, and health center intervention efforts. Formalin-ether concentration technique was used for diagnoses, and multivariate models were used for analyses.Principal FindingsThe importance attributed to O. viverrini infections varied among health centers in the four study villages. Villages where O. viverrini infections were not prioritized by the health centers as the healthcare focus were at a higher risk of infection (prevalence) with odds ratio (risk factor) of 5.73 (3.32–10.27) and p-value < 0.01. Priority of healthcare focus, however, did not appear to influence behavior, as the consumption of raw fish, the main source of O. viverrini infections in the study area, was 11.4% higher in villages that prioritized O. viverrini infections than those that did not (p-value = 0.01). Landscape variation, notably proximity to reservoir, affects vulnerability of local population to infection. Infection intensity was higher in population located closer to the reservoir with risk ratio of 2.09 (1.12–4.02) and p-value < 0.01. Patterns of infection intensities among humans were found to match fish infection intensity, where higher infection intensities were associated with fish obtained from the reservoir waterbody type (p-value = 0.023).Conclusions/SignificanceThis study demonstrated the importance of environmental influence and healthcare focus as risk factors of infections in addition to the socio-economic, demographic, and behavioral factors commonly explored in existing studies. The reservoir was identified as a crucial source to target for opisthorchiasis intervention efforts and the need to consider infection intensity in disease control efforts was highlighted. The holistic approach in this study, which underscores the close relationship between the environment, animals, and humans in development of human infections or diseases, is an important contribution to the framework of One Health approach, where consideration of helminth diseases has largely been overlooked.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncovering the Pathogenic Landscape of Helminth (Opisthorchis viverrini) Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study on Contributions of Physical and Social Environment and Healthcare Interventions

et al. 2016

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Extreme drought, host density, sex, and bullfrogs influence fungal pathogen infection in a declining lotic amphibian

et al. 2017

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Briggs. 2017. Extreme drought, host density, sex, and bullfrogs influence fungal pathogen infection in a declining lotic amphibian. Ecosphere 8(3):e01740. 10. 1002/ecs2.1740 Abstract. Freshwater biodiversity is imperiled across the globe, and multiple stressors such as habitat alteration, non-native species invasion, disease, and climate change can act in concert to threaten vulnerable taxa. The amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which causes the disease chytridiomycosis, is one of the causative factors of severe amphibian declines. The foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii) is a stream-breeding anuran endemic to California and Oregon (USA) that has declined precipitously in recent decades, yet there is little information on its susceptibility to Bd. In the fall of 2013, we observed dead and dying juvenile R. boylii in a San Francisco Bay Area watershed where annual amphibian breeding censuses have been conducted since 1997 in a free-flowing reach and since 2003 in an anthropogenically modified stream reach. High pathogen loads on R. boylii and histologic lesions observed on a dead R. boylii metamorph collected from the site were consistent with lethal chytridiomycosis. The outbreak coincided with extremely low stream flows in autumn that concentrated frogs in drying pools and the absence of high peak flows in winter that allowed non-native American bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) to expand their spatial distribution in the stream network. Following the outbreak, we surveyed R. boylii and sympatric anurans at the site for the next two years to determine Bd trends within the population. Using mixed-effects models, we found that bullfrog presence was a positive predictor of both Bd prevalence and Bd load in R. boylii. Prevalence was also influenced by sex and life stage: Adult males were more likely to be infected than either females or juveniles. Moreover, we found that stream flow volume was negatively associated with Bd load. These results indicate that disease, drought, and flow regulation may interact synergistically to impact amphibians in ways not previously recognized, informing stream flow management strategies for native aquatic taxa.

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RAW ATTITUDES: Socio-Cultures, Altered Landscapes, and Changing Perceptions of an Underestimated Disease

Grundy-Warr,

Andrews,

Khuntikeo

et al. 2023

Recent Results in Cancer Research

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Dam Influences on Liver Fluke Transmission: Fish Infection and Human Fish Consumption Behavior

Cited by 9 publications

References 59 publications

Uncovering the Pathogenic Landscape of Helminth (Opisthorchis viverrini) Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study on Contributions of Physical and Social Environment and Healthcare Interventions

Uncovering the Pathogenic Landscape of Helminth (Opisthorchis viverrini) Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study on Contributions of Physical and Social Environment and Healthcare Interventions

Extreme drought, host density, sex, and bullfrogs influence fungal pathogen infection in a declining lotic amphibian

RAW ATTITUDES: Socio-Cultures, Altered Landscapes, and Changing Perceptions of an Underestimated Disease

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