“…Reducing carbon emission and reaching carbon neutrality are the urgent issues to be addressed in construction industry that need the joint efforts from different parties, such as research institutes, manufacturing industries, construction sectors and governments. To struggle toward carbon neutrality, researchers have sought to innovate the high performance construction materials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and structure systems [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] in order to improve the efficiency of engineering structures. In the meantime, the metallurgical industry has sought to develop advanced manufacturing technologies [28][29][30][31] and new steel tubular section profiles, e.g.…”