Damage thresholds for terahertz radiation

Dalzell, Danielle R.; McQuade, Jill; Vincelette, Rebecca L.; Ibey, Bennet L.; Payne, Jerry A.; Thomas, Robert J.; Roach, William P.; Roth, Caleb L.; Wilmink, Gerald J.

doi:10.1117/12.849243

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…First, they provide high levels of average output power, with values on the order of 100 mW at many frequency lines. Notably, these power values are the highest levels of all commercially available bench-top THz sources [43,[119][120][121][122] (Fig. 5a).…”

Section: Direct Generation Laser Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Computational M&S techniques are incredibly valuable tools, which are finding increased use in THz biological research. For example, these tools are commonly used to determine field distribution in biological materials, to calculate the expected temperature rise during THz exposures, and to predict tissue damage thresholds [121,122,147,148]. There are many different types of modeling techniques, but the most commonly used methods are FDTD, Finite Element method (FEM), Finite Difference, and Monte Carlo.…”

Section: Equipment Used For Controlled Exposures and Accurate Dosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Study 14. Over the past few years, the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) has conducted several experiments to examine the biological effects of THz radiation [119][120][121][122]147]. The primary goal for these studies was to examine the cellular response of human mammalian cells exposed to high-power THz radiation using an optically-pumped molecular gas THz laser.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In early 2010, Dalzell et al used computational modeling and experimental approaches to determine tissue-damage thresholds at THz frequencies for both short (several seconds) and long duration exposures (min) [122]. For the short exposure studies, wet chamois clothes were irradiated using the FEL at Jefferson Laboratory: 0.1 to 1.0 THz, 2.0 to 14.0 Wcm −2 , and a 2s exposure duration.…”

Section: Plants: Rice Paddies Black Beans and Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects of Terahertz Radiation

Wilmink

Grundt

2011

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

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277

186

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In recent years, terahertz radiation sources are increasingly being exploited in military and civil applications. However, only a few studies have so far been conducted to examine the biological effects associated with terahertz radiation. In this study, we evaluated the cellular response of mesenchymal mouse stem cells exposed to THz radiation. We apply low-power radiation from both a pulsed broad-band (centered at 10 THz) source and from a CW laser (2.52 THz) source. Modeling, empirical characterization, and monitoring techniques were applied to minimize the impact of radiation-induced increases in temperature. qRT-PCR was used to evaluate changes in the transcriptional activity of selected hyperthermic genes. We found that temperature increases were minimal, and that the differential expression of the investigated heat shock proteins (HSP105, HSP90, and CPR) was unaffected, while the expression of certain other genes (Adiponectin, GLUT4, and PPARG) showed clear effects of the THz irradiation after prolonged, broad-band exposure.

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Section: Direct Generation Laser Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Equipment Used For Controlled Exposures and Accurate Dosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plants: Rice Paddies Black Beans and Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects of Terahertz Radiation

Wilmink

Grundt

2011

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

Self Cite

277

186

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“…An in vitro study found that low-power density THz exposure (1.89 THz, 189.92 mW/cm 2 [ 2 0 _ T D $ D I F F ] ) induced no tissue damage in porcine skin and few coagulation areas in egg whites [86]. By contrast, high-power density THz exposure (0.1-1.0 THz, 2000-14000 mW/cm 2 ) produced tissue damage in wet chamois cloths at a damage threshold of 7160 mW/cm 2 [86], along with an obvious temperature rise.…”

Section: Biological Effects: Increasing Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical Applications of Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging

Xiang

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2016

Trends in Biotechnology

757

355

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A Discussion on Associating THz Safety with 5G Safety

Rimjaem

2022

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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A project on the development of midinfrared free‐electron laser and terahertz (THz) radiation produced by a home‐constructed electron accelerator has recently been launched in the laboratory. A study of THz technology and its applications for biology is one of the emphases and thus THz safety is in focus. This is not only due to the THz radiation itself, but also its association with 5G safety, which has recently become a topic of public concern worldwide. If THz radiation is demonstrated safe, 5G, with the same power, should be safe due to its lower photon energy. The safety issues of both radiations are discussed with different opinions. Herein, safety from physics is discussed and it is pointed out that radiation safety not only depends on photon energy but also radiation power, or the photon dose rate. Through quantitative discussion of the currently used 5G transmission station power, this study confirms that 5G is safe, while THz safety is not yet certain. Therefore, measurement of THz power, a test of THz radiation effect on DNA change, an investigation of the DNA vibration using the THz time‐domain spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulation of THz radiation of DNA are suggested.

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Damage thresholds for terahertz radiation

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects of Terahertz Radiation

Invited Review Article: Current State of Research on Biological Effects of Terahertz Radiation

Biomedical Applications of Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging

A Discussion on Associating THz Safety with 5G Safety

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