Dark and light green tissues of tobacco leaves systemically infected with tobacco mosaic virus

Burundukova, O. L.; Sapotsky, M. V.; Кочетов, А. В.; Trifonova, E. A.; Malinovsky, V. I.

doi:10.1007/s10535-009-0053-8

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…An analysis of DEGs showed that the genes encoding CMV RNA-directed RNA polymerase 2a, CMV replication protein 1a and CMV movement protein were significantly up-regulated in LGTs vs. DGIs and LGTs vs. CK. This finding was somewhat consistent with the previous suggestion that DGIs were free of viral RNAs and proteins [ 7 , 9 , 13 , 16 ]. Previous studies reported that genes related to photosynthesis and pigment metabolism were suppressed by virus infection [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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RNA-seq approach to analysis of gene expression profiles in dark green islands and light green tissues of Cucumber mosaic virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum

et al. 2017

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Dark green islands (DGIs) surrounded by light green tissues (LGTs) are common leaf symptoms of plants that are systemically infected by various viruses that induce leaf mosaic in infected plants. The inoculation of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in Nicotiana tabacum produced a commonly occurring sequence of classic patterns of DGIs and LGTs. Previous studies confirmed that there are significant differences between DGIs and LGTs in terms of physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology, but the mechanisms by which DGIs form remain unclear. To investigate the global gene expression changes that occur in these special tissues, individual differential gene expression tag libraries were constructed from three total RNA samples isolated from DGIs, LGTs and control plants (CK) and were sequenced using an Illumina HiSeqTM 2000. An analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed. These analyses revealed the differences between DGIs, LGTs and CK. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses suggested that several pathways related to photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism were enriched in DGIs compared to LGTs and CK. Several pathways related to apoptosis were significantly up-regulated in LGTs compared to DGIs. Additionally, we identified sets of DEGs that may be related to the formation or development of DGIs and LGTs. Our systematic analyses provide comprehensive transcriptomic information regarding DGIs and LGTs in CMV-infected N. tabacum. These data will help characterize the detailed mechanisms of DGI and LGT formation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…DGIs, which are somewhat of a mystery in plants, have attracted the attention of many researchers [ 4 ]. Therefore, extensive literature is available concerning the comparison of DGIs and LGTs [ 5 – 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA-seq approach to analysis of gene expression profiles in dark green islands and light green tissues of Cucumber mosaic virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum

et al. 2017

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“…Zhuravlev et al (1983) standardized tobacco protoplast sources in studies on tobacco mosaic virus to LPI 1–3 leaves from PI 16–18 plants. The PI and LPI has been used to standardize experimental and control plants inoculated with tobacco mosaic virus (Burundukova et al, 2009) as well as follow the progression of viral diseases in intact (Derrick et al, 1997) and grafted (Malinovskii et al, 1994) plants, and tissue and cell cultures obtained from inoculated plants (Malinovskii et al, 1993).…”

Section: Application Of the Plastochron Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

The plastochron index: Still useful after nearly six decades

Meicenheimer

2014

American J of Botany

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The plastochron index (PI) introduced by Erickson and Michelini in 1957 provides a solution to a long-standing problem, of how to measure time in growing plant populations, such that the occurrence of critical developmental events can be more readily detected, compared, and analyzed, than if chronologic time is used. The PI reduces the rather large variation associated with chronologic time in measuring such events by taking advantage of the growth characteristics of stem organs that repeat at regular intervals (the plastochron) and has found widespread application in botanical research. The original formulation and derivation of the PI and associated leaf plastochron index (LPI) is reviewed. Additional formulations that have been developed to overcome some of the limitations of the original PI formulation are examined. Major advancements that have been achieved in understanding the physiology, growth, and development of agriculturally important and current model plant species are reviewed to illustrate how various researchers have used the PI in such studies. Potential uses to which the PI and LPI might be applied in emerging frontiers of plant science are suggested. A searchable bibliography of most all the primary research studies that cite the original PI article is provided.

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Characterisation of the dark green islands of cucumber mosaic virus infected Nicotiana tabacum

et al. 2015

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There are significant differences between the DGIs and LGTs. Additionally, most of the characteristics indicate that the DGIs are more similar to recovered tissue and can resist viral attacks. Dark green islands (DGIs) surrounded by light green tissues (LGTs) are common leaf symptoms of plants that are systemically infected by various mosaic viruses. We performed cytological, physiological and molecular biological analyses of the DGIs and LGTs in cucumber mosaic virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum leaves. Our results indicated that the DGIs contained less virus than did the LGTs. Compared to the LGTs, the DGIs contained higher levels of the metabolites involved in plant defence. The contents of reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid were increased in the DGIs to reach levels that were even higher than those of control plants. Moreover, hormone measurements and quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the endogenous salicylic acid, ethylene and defence genes mediated these elevations by playing positive roles in the regulation of the DGIs responses to viral infection. The accumulation of cytokinin was also much greater in the DGIs than in the LGTs. Finally, northern blotting analysis indicated that the accumulation of viral small interfering RNAs was decreased in the DGIs compared to the LGTs. Taken together, these results suggest that DGIs might represent leaf areas that have recovered from viral infection due to locally enhanced defence responses.

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Dark and light green tissues of tobacco leaves systemically infected with tobacco mosaic virus

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

RNA-seq approach to analysis of gene expression profiles in dark green islands and light green tissues of Cucumber mosaic virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum

RNA-seq approach to analysis of gene expression profiles in dark green islands and light green tissues of Cucumber mosaic virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum

The plastochron index: Still useful after nearly six decades

Characterisation of the dark green islands of cucumber mosaic virus infected Nicotiana tabacum

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