Data Compression Approach for Long-Term Monitoring of Pavement Structures

Abstract

Pavement structures are designed to withstand continuous damage during their design life. Damage starts as soon as the pavement is open to traffic and increases with time. If maintenance activities are not considered in the initial design or considered but not applied during the service life, damage will grow to a point where rehabilitation may be the only and most expensive option left. In order to monitor the evolution of damage and its severity in pavement structures, a novel data compression approach based on cumulative measurements from a piezoelectric sensor is presented in this paper. Specifically, the piezoelectric sensor uses a thin film of polyvinylidene fluoride to sense the energy produced by the micro deformation generated due to the application of traffic loads. Epoxy solution has been used to encapsulate the membrane providing hardness and flexibility to withstand the high-loads and the high-temperatures during construction of the asphalt layer. The piezoelectric sensors have been exposed to three months of loading (approximately 1.0 million loads of 65 kN) at the French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks (IFSTTAR) fatigue carrousel. Notably, the sensors survived the construction and testing. Reference measurements were made with a commercial conventional strain gauge specifically designed for measurements in hot mix asphalt layers. Results from the carrousel successfully demonstrate that the novel approach can be considered as a good indicator of damage progression, thus alleviating the need to measure strains in pavement for the purpose of damage tracking.

Possible Ways of Evaluation of Industrially Manufactured Means for Low-Bearing Terrain Strengthening Usable in Military Operations

“…The authors will, in their future work, focus on the endurance testing of means above for low-bearing terrain strengthening in cooperation with other departments of the University of Defence by using a similar approach described in the article [49] and are also going to assess the environmental impact of the use of metal and aluminum structures compared to commonly used materials in the construction of roads and paths, as described in [50]. It is also important to propose their incorporation into the military or, more precisely, engineer units to fulfill required tasks and calculate periods of various constructions to use in the system of command and control.…”

Recent advances in the construction of sustainable asphalt roads with recycled plastic

“…Many standards are used worldwide to empirically test bitumen and asphalt materials under laboratory conditions 46 ; however, these conditions are not necessarily representative of real circumstances in the field. An alternative would be to conduct accelerated pavement testing using specific facilities, such as the Heavy Vehicle Simulator 47 or the Pavement Fatigue Carousel, 48 to better represent field scenarios. Although sensors are currently being used to test for surface and structural changes of asphalt upon accelerated testing, 49 some performance indicators cannot be assessed via accelerated pavement testing, such as gaseous emissions when laying hot asphalt and the release of MPs when plastic-modified roads are open to traffic due to abrasion exerted by vehicle tyres.…”

The evaluation of crumb rubber as a filler in asphalt mixture to against moisture sensitivity

“…The types of material use in asphalt pavement can also determine the performance of asphalt pavements. However, the effectiveness of foreign substance used as an alternative for solving the problems of road pavements damage will depend on the reaction of the materials itself against bituminous asphalt [4]. The addition of crumb rubber can help to enhance the elastic properties and later will improve the longevity of the road pavements by reducing the road damages such as stripping, rutting and crack deformation [5].…”