Data Model for IndoorGML Extension to Support Indoor Navigation of People with Mobility Disabilities

Abstract

The increasing complexity of modern buildings has challenged the mobility of people with disabilities (PWD) in the indoor environment. To help overcome this problem, this paper proposes a data model that can be easily applied to indoor spatial information services for people with disabilities. In the proposed model, features are defined based on relevant regulations that stipulate significant mobility factors for people with disabilities. To validate the model’s capability to describe the indoor spaces in terms that are relevant to people with mobility disabilities, the model was used to generate data in a path planning application, considering two different cases in a shopping mall. The application confirmed that routes for people with mobility disabilities are significantly different from those of ordinary pedestrians, in a way that reflects features and attributes defined in the proposed data model. The latter can be inserted as an IndoorGML extension, and is thus expected to facilitate relevant data generation for the design of various services for people with disabilities.

Automatic Generation of High-Accuracy Stair Paths for Straight, Spiral, and Winder Stairs Using IFC-Based Models

“…Unlike objects in outdoor spaces that can be referenced with an absolute 2D coordinate system, indoor objects are usually described in 3D and referenced in relative terms by indoor spaces with a sematic meaning, such as rooms, corridors, or staircases [2,4]. Since the demand for spatial information about indoor spaces has been increasing in recent decades [3], many studies on modeling indoor spaces have been conducted and these can be divided into three categories: (1) data modeling of indoor spaces [3,21], (2) generation of indoor space models [22,23], and (3) applications of indoor space models [21]. Studies of the first category focus on expressing the indoor space with a data model, which conceptually supports the applications established by studies in the third category.…”

“…A simulation model for real-world applications should be quantitatively correct in order to improve efficiency, capacity, and safety of evacuation. In another study discussing indoor navigation for disabled people, researchers found that the layout of ramps and stairs influences the mobility of wheelchair riders, and therefore a more accurate model of ramps and stairs is needed for in-depth analysis [21].…”

“…Unlike an outdoor space, an indoor space is relatively closed, narrow, and private; the space structure is complex, and movement within is in 3D [15]. Many studies have proposed different indoor space models, each within their applicable field [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Different models have differences in aspects like spatial topology, location reference, model accuracy, routing algorithm, and visualization of the path [15].…”

Improvement of Disability Rights via Geographic Information Science

“…Some of the benefits of developing an SDI are improved access to data, reduced duplication of effort in collecting and maintaining data, better availability of data, and interoperability between datasets. Although SDI development is an accepted task for most organizations and nations, and examples exist for various problem domains such as topographic mapping, indoor, health, marine, arctic, and so forth [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73], attempts at developing data models for the improvement of disability rights are new within the literature [74]. As explained by Rajabifard et al [63], an SDI can be an enabling platform for sustainable development challenges.…”

3d Modelling of a Building Oriented to Indoor Navigation System for Users With Different Mobility Conditions

“…No.Piso Storey number where the item is located Altura Architectural height of the element AlturaZ Altitude above sea level of the element Tipo The element is external or internal Function Type of navigation in the spaces: transition or general(applies to rooms only) Considering the characteristics or factors to be taken into account for the creation of navigation systems for people with mobility disabilities established by Park et al (2020) we assigned additional attributes in the room, door and stair layers. In the room layer with corridor function, we added width and slope.…”