Data report: clay mineral assemblages and illite/smectite diagenesis in cuttings from Hole C0002P, IODP Expedition 348, Nankai Trough accretionary prism

Underwood, Michael B.

doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.348.203.2017

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…All of the procedures for sampling, sample processing, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, determination of normalization factors, and computation of relative mineral abundances have been described thoroughly in a series of IODP data reports (Guo & Underwood, 2012;Underwood, 2017aUnderwood, , 2017bUnderwood & Guo, 2013Underwood & Song, 2016a, 2016b. Briefly, those workers isolated the < 2 μm size fraction from core samples and cuttings and scanned glycol-saturated oriented aggregates for smectite, illite, chlorite, kaolinite, and quartz.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Above the diagenetic ceiling at 2200 mbsf, the proportion of smectite in bulk mudstones generally ranges from 11 wt% to 35 wt%, with an average of 23 wt% (Underwood, 2017a(Underwood, , 2017bUnderwood & Song, 2016a). Values within the cored interval (Underwood & Song, 2016b) show considerably more variability (e.g.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Facies Relations Within Older and Deeper Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…were initially deposited somewhere other than the proto-Nankai Strasser et al, 2014;Tobin et al, 2015), and XRD results (data from Underwood, 2017aUnderwood, , 2017bUnderwood & Song 2016a, 2016b. Progression of the smectite-to-illite reaction below 2200 mbsf renders interpretations of detrital provenance invalid for those strata Trough or the Shikoku Basin.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Facies Relations Within Older and Deeper Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The origin of strata within the inner accretionary prism of Nankai Trough: Evidence from clay mineral assemblages along the NanTroSEIZE transect

Underwood

2018

Island Arc

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One of the more prominent architectural elements of the Nankai subduction margin, offshore southwest Japan, is an out‐of‐sequence thrust fault (megasplay) that separates the inner accretionary prism from the outer prism. The inner prism (hanging wall of the megasplay) is dominated by mudstone, which is enigmatic when the sedimentary facies is compared to coeval deposits in the Shikoku Basin (i.e. inputs from the subducting Philippine Sea plate) and to coarser‐grained turbidite sequences from the Quaternary trench wedge. Clay mineral assemblages amplify the mismatches of sedimentary facies. Mudstones from the inner prism are uniformly depleted in smectite, with average bulk values of 23–24 wt%, whereas the Shikoku Basin deposits show progressive decreases in proportions of smectite over time, from averages of 46–48 wt% at 10 Ma to 17–21 wt% at 1 Ma. Plate‐boundary reconstructions for the Philippine Sea region provide one solution to the conundrum. Between 15 Ma and 10 Ma, the Pacific plate subducted near the NanTroSEIZE transect, and a trench‐trench‐trench triple junction migrated to the northeast. Accretion during that period involved sediments that had been deposited on the Pacific plate. Motion of the Philippine Sea plate changed from 10 Ma to 6 Ma, resulting in sinistral slip along the proto‐Nankai Trough. Sediments accreted during that period probably had been deposited near the triple junction, with a hybrid detrital provenance. Renewed subduction of the Philippine Sea plate at 6 Ma led to reorganization of watersheds near the Izu–Honshu collision zone and gradual incision of large submarine canyons on both sides of the colliding Izu arc. Accreted Pliocene mudstones share more of an affinity to the triple junction paleoenvironment than they do to Shikoku Basin. These differences between subducting Shikoku Basin strata and accreted Pacific plate sediments have important implications for interpretations of frictional properties, structural architecture, and diagenetic fluid production.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interpretation Of Facies Relations Within Older and Deeper Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interpretation Of Facies Relations Within Older and Deeper Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The origin of strata within the inner accretionary prism of Nankai Trough: Evidence from clay mineral assemblages along the NanTroSEIZE transect

Underwood

2018

Island Arc

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“…The sampled part of the accretionary prism consists mainly of silty claystone with interbedded sandstone between~950 and~1,665 mbsf (lithologic Unit IV) and fine silty claystone with small amounts of sandstone between~1,665 and 3,058 mbsf (lithologic Unit V; Figure 2b; Tobin et al, 2015). These sediments are composed of~50-60% clay materials (Underwood, 2017a(Underwood, , 2017bUnderwood & Song, 2016). Steep bedding attitudes (60-90°) have been measured in cores and borehole resistivity image logs (Strasser et al, 2014;Tobin et al, 2015).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength Profile of the Inner Nankai Accretionary Prism at IODP Site C0002

Kitamura

Kitajima

Sone

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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The strength of accretionary prisms is important for understanding their formation and the generation of earthquakes along the underlying plate boundary faults. We establish a continuous depth profile of rock strength and possible ranges of the minimum and maximum horizontal stresses (Shmin and SHmax) based on indentation tests on cuttings samples at the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site C0002 in the Nankai accretionary prism. The rock strength (i.e., differential stress) increases with depth from 5.1 and 11.0 MPa at 975 meters below the seafloor (mbsf) to 22.8 and 59.6 MPa at 3005 mbsf in normal and reverse faulting regimes, respectively. The minimum value of Shmin and the maximum value of SHmax range from 33.2 and 49.4 MPa at 975 mbsf to 57.1 and 139.6 MPa at 3005 mbsf, respectively. Our estimated strength, in combination with Coulomb wedge model, may improve understanding of the evolution of accretionary prisms.

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“…Due to much effort (Expedition 319 Scientists 2010a; Guo and Underwood 2012;Saffer et al 2017;Strasser et al 2014a;Underwood 2017aUnderwood , 2017bUnderwood , 2017cUnderwood andGuo 2013, 2017;Underwood and Song 2016;Yamaguchi et al 2020), clay mineral assemblages have been determined and used to interpret the evolution of the accretionary prism (Underwood 2018;Underwood and Guo, 2018). However, XRD is limited by the fact that data cannot be acquired when core samples are not recovered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for the Empirical Conversion of Logging Data to Clay Mineral Fraction in the Nankai Accretionary Prism

Yabe

Fukuchi²,

Hamada

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Sediment lithology, especially the clay mineral fraction, is basic geologic information, which is important for understanding faulting and evolutionary process of the accretionary prism. During scientific drilling, the clay mineral fraction is measured using X-ray diffraction analyses of samples from the acquired cores. However, coring in an accretionary prism is sometimes difficult, which hinders the acquisition of clay mineral fraction data. This study details the development of a new method used to empirically estimate the clay mineral fraction from the electrical resistivity and natural gamma ray logs obtained from the Kumano section of the Nankai Tough, where multiple scientific drilling expeditions have been conducted. This method is composed of two steps. First, porosity is estimated using electrical resistivity logs. In order to compensate for the effect of porosity, the natural gamma ray logs are then normalized using (1 – porosity). Second, the normalized natural gamma ray logs are converted into clay mineral fractions using an empirical conversion function. This empirical function was determined by comparing all available normalized natural gamma ray logs and clay mineral fractions data collected from the Kumano section of the Nankai Trough. As a byproduct of the porosity estimations, thermal conductivity and temperature depth profiles were also estimated for all of the logging sites. As electrical resistivity logs and natural gamma ray logs are essential measurements made during scientific drilling, this new method can be applied to future drilling expeditions in the Nankai Trough. Although the empirical conversion function established in this study is valid only at the Kumano section of the Nankai trough, the same procedure can be applicable to other subduction zones to establish local empirical conversion functions if enough data are available. The clay mineral fraction depth profile estimated using this method can provide useful information for various geological studies, including sedimentology and structural geology of the shallow accretionary prism.

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Data report: clay mineral assemblages and illite/smectite diagenesis in cuttings from Hole C0002P, IODP Expedition 348, Nankai Trough accretionary prism

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

The origin of strata within the inner accretionary prism of Nankai Trough: Evidence from clay mineral assemblages along the NanTroSEIZE transect

The origin of strata within the inner accretionary prism of Nankai Trough: Evidence from clay mineral assemblages along the NanTroSEIZE transect

Strength Profile of the Inner Nankai Accretionary Prism at IODP Site C0002

A New Method for the Empirical Conversion of Logging Data to Clay Mineral Fraction in the Nankai Accretionary Prism

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