DCK is a promising prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma

Song, Danjun; Zhu, Kai; Tian, Lingyu; Gao, Qiang; Zhou, Ji; Fan, Jia; Wang, Xiaoying

doi:10.1186/s12957-020-01953-1

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The prognosis and metastasis of cancer are related to many factors in the tumor microenvironment, including immune cell infiltration [ 18 ], cytokine release [ 19 ], protein expression [ 20 ], and the interaction between different factors [ 21 , 22 ]. Experimental studies have shown that high-density TAMs in tumor tissues are associated with low survival rates of breast cancer [ 23 ], liver cancer [ 24 ], and bladder cancer [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic significance of CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages in colorectal cancer

et al. 2021

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Background This study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the infiltration of CD163+ TAMs in 209 CRC samples, and the Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of clinically relevant confounders. Results The samples were divided into low-level (n = 105) and high-level infiltration groups (n = 104) by the median number of CD163+ TAMs detected. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of CRC patients in the low-level CD163+ TAM infiltration group were longer than those in the high-level CD163+ TAM infiltration group (P < 0.001). Infiltration of CD163+ TAMs in CRC tissues was a negative prognostic factor for CRC patients. Risks of death and disease recurrence for CRC patients in the low-level CD163+ TAM infiltration group were lower than those in the high-level CD163+ TAM infiltration group (HROS = 0.183, 95% CI 0.052–0.647, P = 0.008; HRDFS = 0.191, 95% CI 0.078–0.470, P = 0.000). Conclusions The infiltration of CD163+ TAMs in CRC tissue is an independent adverse factor for the prognosis of CRC patients. High-level infiltration of CD163+ TAMs is associated with shorter OS and DFS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic significance of CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages in colorectal cancer

et al. 2021

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“…The correlation module of TIMER (https://cistrome.shi nyapps.io/timer/) 19 was used for the correlation analysis between JAK expression and immune cell markers together with the Spearman's rho value and estimated statistical significance. The related gene markers of multiple immune cells were obtained from the related references [38][39][40] and the CellMarker database (http://biocc. hrbmu.edu.cn/CellMarker/).…”

Section: Correlation Analysis Between Jak Expression and Immune Cell mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers and Molecular Targets Among JAK Family in Breast Cancer

Liu¹,

Wu²

2021

JIR

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Background: Janus kinases (JAKs) are a family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases involved in multiple malignancies. However, clinical values of JAKs as prognostic markers and potential mechanism as molecular targets in breast invasive carcinoma (BC) are not completely clarified. Methodology: TIMER, UALCAN and GEPIA were used to assess the expression and methylation levels of JAKs in BC. Kaplan-Meier Plotter, bc-GenExMiner, SurvExpress, TRGAted, MethSurv, and SurvivalMeth were used to assess the multilevel prognostic significance of JAKs in breast cancer patients. And cBioPortal, TIMER, STRING, GeneMANIA, NetworkAnalysis, LinkedOmics, DAVID 6.8, and Metascape were applied for multilayer networks and functional enrichment analyses. Correlations between immune cell infiltrates/their gene markers and JAKs were evaluated by TIMER. Results: We first explored the expression and methylation level of JAKs in breast cancer and found significantly reduced JAK1 and JAK2 expression at mRNA and protein levels, significantly higher JAK3 protein expression, and significantly increased TYK2 expression at mRNA level but decreased at protein level. In addition, hypermethylation of JAK3 and TYK2 and hypomethylation of JAK1 were found in tumor samples. In terms of prognostic values of JAKs in BC patients, low transcriptional levels of JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 indicated worse OS/DMFS/PPS/RFS/DFS, inferior DFS, worse RFS, and shorter OS/DMFS/ RFS, respectively. The mRNA signature analysis showed that high-risk group had unfavorable OS/RFS/MFS. Low JAK2 protein level indicated unfavorable DSS/PFS in BC patients. Five CpGs of JAK1, four CpGs of JAK2, 20 CpGs of JAK3, and 13 CpGs of TYK2 were significantly associated with prognosis in BC patients. The DNA methylation signature analysis also suggested worse prognosis in the high-risk group. For potential biological roles of JAKs, interaction analyses, functional enrichment analyses for biological process, cellular component, molecular function, and KEGG pathway analyses of JAKs and their neighbor genes in BC were conducted. Kinase targets, gene-miRNA interactions, and transcription factor-gene interactions of JAKs were also identified. Furthermore, JAKs were found to be significantly related to immune infiltrates as well as the expression levels of multiple immune markers in BC. Conclusion: JAKs showed multilevel prognostic value and important biological roles in BC. They might serve as promising prognostic markers and possible targets in breast cancer.

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“…TILs can lead to a poor outcome in patients with cancer [ 28 ]. We explored the relationship between the infiltration levels of immune cells and CDCA3 expression in 39 types of human cancer using the TIMER database, where the value of “partial cor” reflected the degree of correlation between CDCA3 expression and immune infiltration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immune cells play an essential role in angiogenesis and regulating immune escape in tumor progression. Tregs have an impact on immune escape, angiogenesis, and immune checkpoint regulation, which is essential for the cancer-killing effect mediated by T cells [ 28 ]. Therefore, we explored the correlation between the expression of CDCA3 and gene markers of different immune cells, such as B cells, neutrophils, monocytes, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), M1 and M2 macrophages, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells (NK cells), dendritic cells, and different T cells, including Tregs, T-helper 1 cells (Th1), T-helper 2 cells (Th2), T-helper 17 cells (Th17), follicular helper T cells (Tfh), and exhausted T cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CDCA3 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Wang

Chen

Wang

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Cell division cycle-associated protein-3 (CDCA3) contributes to the regulation of the cell cycle. CDCA3 plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of various cancers; however, the association between CDCA3 expression, prognosis of patients, and immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment is still unknown. Here, we demonstrated that CDCA3 was differentially expressed between the tumor tissues and corresponding normal tissues using in silico analysis in the ONCOMINE and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) databases. We analyzed the relationship between the expression of CDCA3 and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using the Kaplan–Meier plotter database and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). Furthermore, we determined the prognostic value of CDCA3 expression using univariate and multivariate analyses. We observed that CDCA3 expression closely correlated with immune infiltration and gene markers of infiltrating immune cells in the TIMER database. CDCA3 was highly expressed in the tumor tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues in various cancers, including HCC. Increased expression of CDCA3 was accompanied by poorer overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS). The correlation between CDCA3 expression and OS and disease-free survival (DFS) was also studied using GEPIA. CDCA3 expression was associated with the levels of immune cell infiltration and was positively correlated with tumor purity. Moreover, CDCA3 expression was associated with gene markers such as PD-1, CTLA4, LAG3, and TIM-3 from exhausted T cells, CD3D, CD3E, and CD2 from T cells, and TGFB1 and CCR8 located on the surface of Tregs. Thus, we demonstrated that CDCA3 may be a potential target and biomarker for the management and diagnosis of HCC.

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DCK is a promising prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Prognostic significance of CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages in colorectal cancer

Prognostic significance of CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages in colorectal cancer

Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers and Molecular Targets Among JAK Family in Breast Cancer

CDCA3 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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