DEA in consumer products is safe

Bailey, John

doi:10.1096/fj.07-0103ufm

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…The cells were plated in a 24-well culture flask at a density of 5×10 4 and treated with different concentrations of DEA (as it was mentioned previously) at different time intervals. First, the monolayer of the cell was washed with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and then the cells were detached and collected in a 15 mL tube using trypsin/EDTA, followed by centrifugation at 2500 rpm for 5 minutes.…”

Section: Analysis Of Cell Viability Trypan Blue Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To confirm the trypan blue analysis, MTT assay (3-(4, 5-dimethy thiazo-2-yl)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium) was used since two analyses are based on the different principles. The cells at a density of 1×10 4 were cultured in a 96-well plate and the treatment was carried out as it was explained previously. The monolayer of the cell was washed with PBS and 10 μL of tetrazolium (5 mg/1 mL of PBS) was mixed with 100 μL of fetal bovine serum free culture media in each well of the plate.…”

Section: Mtt Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells with the density of 1×10 4 were cultured in a 24-well plate and incubated at 5% CO 2 for 24 hours, and then were treated with different concentrations of DEA for 48 hours. To study the morphology of cell nuclei, each well of the plate was washed twice with PBS and stained for 15 minutes with 100 µL of PBS containing 10 µL of the Hoechst solution (50 μg/mL, Sigma-Aldrich, USA).…”

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells with a density of 5×10 4 were cultured in a 3 cm sterile plate for 24 hours. Further, the attached cells were treated with DEA contaminated media for 7 and 14 days with every 3 days of media replacement.…”

Section: Colony Forming Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Di-ethanolamine Causes the Mortality of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Due to Metabolic Imbalance and Oxidative Stress

Abnosi

Hosseini

2020

Avicenna J Med Biochem

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Background: Cell toxicity due to diethanolamine (DEA) is well known but no data are available regarding its mechanism. The present study investigated the cell viability and proliferation ability of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) treated with DEA. Methods: At 3rd passages, BMSCs were treated for 12, 24, and 48 hours with 0.025 to 16 mM of bis(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate. The cell viability was estimated using the trypan blue and MTT, then 1, 4, and 16 mM, and 48 hours were selected as well. Next, other parameters were determined, including proliferation ability, cell morphology, sodium and potassium levels, as well as the concentration of calcium, total protein, and the activity of metabolic enzymes (i.e., alanine transaminase [ALT], aspartate transaminase [AST], and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]). Finally, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured based on the aim of the study. Results: Based on the results, the viability reduced significantly from 0.6 mM at 12 hours and 0.2 for 24 and 48 hours (P<0.05). In addition, the proliferation ability showed a significant reduction (P<0.05) while the activity of LDH, ALT, and AST increased significantly (P<0.05). The level of electrolytes at 1 mM treatment demonstrated no change (P>0.05) whereas 4 mM concentration caused a decline in the calcium level while increased the sodium significantly (P<0.05). The results further revealed that the level of MDA increased although the activity of antioxidant enzymes and TAC represented a significant reduction (P<0.05). No change was detected in the morphology of nuclei while cytoplasm shrinkage and roundness were observable. Conclusion: In general, the findings of this study showed that DEA reduced the viability and proliferation of BMSCs via metabolic change, electrolyte imbalance, and the induction of oxidative stress.

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Section: Analysis Of Cell Viability Trypan Blue Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mtt Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Colony Forming Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Di-ethanolamine Causes the Mortality of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Due to Metabolic Imbalance and Oxidative Stress

Abnosi

Hosseini

2020

Avicenna J Med Biochem

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“…The doses used in the above study were based on expected concentrations of 1% to 25% diethanolamine in cosmetic formulations. However, based on comments from the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association (now known as the Personal Care Products Council), indicating the overestimation of the amount of diethanolamine contained in consumer products, 50 the researchers tested lower doses to establish a dose–response relationship. Groups of 7 mice were dosed dermally with 20 to 80 mg/kg bw diethanolamine (purity >99.5%) as described previously, with the exception that acetone was used as the vehicle.…”

Section: Reproductive and Developmental Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Assessment of Diethanolamine and Its Salts as Used in Cosmetics

et al. 2017

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The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel assessed the safety of diethanolamine and its salts as used in cosmetics. Diethanolamine functions as a pH adjuster; the 16 salts included in this rereview reportedly function as surfactants, emulsifying agents, viscosity increasing agents, hair or skin conditioning agents, foam boosters, or antistatic agents. The Panel reviewed available animal and clinical data, as well as information from previous CIR reports. Since data were not available for each individual ingredient, and since the salts dissociate freely in water, the Panel extrapolated from previous reports to support safety. The Panel concluded that diethanolamine and its salts are safe for use when formulated to be nonirritating. These ingredients should not be used in cosmetic products in which N-nitroso compounds can be formed.

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