2020
DOI: 10.3390/su12093555
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Dealing with Water Scarcity and Salinity: Adoption of Water Efficient Technologies and Management Practices by California Avocado Growers

Abstract: The irrigated agriculture sector has been facing an increased scarcity of good quality water worldwide. Consequently, the sustainability of water intensive crops, such as avocado, is threatened when water becomes scarce and expensive, or when growers must use saline water supplies that reduce crop yields. A variety of irrigation technologies and water management practices are now recommended to help growers through times of limited water supplies and elevated salinity levels. To examine how growers adopt diffe… Show more

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Cited by 17 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Salinity is a continuous process, and its remediation is cost- and labor-intensive. It is a complex global problem [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], leading to a huge drop in soil, water, and cultivated crop quality and productivity [ 10 , 11 ]. Salinity stress causes various physiological changes in plants, such as interruption of membranes, nutrient imbalance, impairing the ability to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS), differences in the antioxidant enzymes, decreased photosynthetic activity, and a decrease in the stomatal aperture [ 5 , 12 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Salinity is a continuous process, and its remediation is cost- and labor-intensive. It is a complex global problem [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], leading to a huge drop in soil, water, and cultivated crop quality and productivity [ 10 , 11 ]. Salinity stress causes various physiological changes in plants, such as interruption of membranes, nutrient imbalance, impairing the ability to detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS), differences in the antioxidant enzymes, decreased photosynthetic activity, and a decrease in the stomatal aperture [ 5 , 12 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Soil salinization caused by saline irrigation regimes [ 1 ], by water scarcity [ 2 ], and by the rise in sea level due to global warming [ 3 ]. Another potential source causing soil salinity comes from compost fertilizer since the raw materials for composting operations are food waste and municipal organic waste that contain large quantities of NaCl [ 4 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Reints et al studied how Hass avocado growers in California adopt irrigation practices and technologies to sustain their crops in times of water scarcity and high salinity, using an analytical model fitted with an empirical approach [63]. With a typical average water consumption of approximately 12,200 m 3 /ha per year, the cost of irrigation water significantly impacts the profitability of crop cultivation.…”
Section: Risk Management and Yield In Avocado Cropsmentioning
confidence: 99%