Deaths by Suicide in Ecuador: A Quantitative Data Analysis

Marisol, Narcisa; Sarmiento, Sarmiento; Proaño, Ana Maribel Paredes; Stefos, Efstathios

doi:10.5539/res.v8n1p145

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It also seeks to describe the concordance with the national reports related to this topic and describes the relationship between the variables under analysis and their characteristics by gender to conclude about it. In the framework of this study, a descriptive analysis was realized, and also a chi-square test that confirmed the results of the descriptive analysis (Sarmiento et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Despite the great advances in social development in Ecuador, a gap still exist according to the ethnic self-identification for example, the indigenous community shows lower percentages of development in education, mortality rate, satisfaction with the employment activity status, and so on (Castellano et al, 2017) Also, there is a relationship between the level of instruction and suicide. (Sarmiento et al, 2016) Based on what has been referenced, by means of a qualitative analysis of the data compiled by the ENEMDU 2015 survey (INEC, 2015); a national employment, unemployment and underemployment survey carried out by the Ecuadorian Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC), several important aspects are intended to be determined. Those are the demographic, economic, educational and social profile of men and women between 15 and 64 years of age in order to observe the existing characteristics and differences between these two groups to relate them to the development objectives planned by the state.…”

Section: Maternitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Analysis of the Socio-Demographic Differences in Ecuadorian Economically Active Population between Genders

Guevara-Segarra¹,

Ortiz-Santacruz²,

Stefos³

2017

MAS

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Gender equity and development are common issues worldwide. International Organizations through their specialized programs and the states through their public policies have made high efforts to accomplish these goals raised internationally and locally. However, it is necessary to know the perception of the population about the achievement of these goals, and to influence the economic agents who are responsible of decision making. The present qualitative research work determines the social-demographic profile of the Ecuadorian economically active population and identifies the main characteristics by gender: racial group, activity and inactivity conditions, education, employment, poverty, and job satisfaction. The obtained results show the differences in variables related to activity and inactivity conditions, use of technology, education, and employment. The results pretend to be a useful source of information in the creation of public policies focused on poverty reduction and gender equity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Maternitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of the Socio-Demographic Differences in Ecuadorian Economically Active Population between Genders

Guevara-Segarra¹,

Ortiz-Santacruz²,

Stefos³

2017

MAS

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“…2.88% of the respondents have no education and 6.76% have University studies (Sarmiento et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ecuadorian Amazon: A Data Analysis of Social and Educational Characteristics of the Population

Valdivieso¹,

Stefos²,

Lalama³

2017

RES

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The present study describes the social and educational characteristics of the Ecuadorian Amazon population. For this purpose, the data obtained from the National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment of 2014 was used in this research. A descriptive statistical analysis presents the frequency, the percentages and the graphs of the variables related to the area in which people live, gender, age, ethnic self-identification, language spoken, marital status and level of instruction. Other variables are the use of computer and internet, place of birth, reason why they live in the Amazon region, type of activity or inactivity, how do they feel in their jobs, and groups of occupation. Also, a factorial analysis was used to show the main and most important criteria of differentiation and the the clusters of people with similar characteristics.

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“…Data about suicide is still scarce in Latin America, especially in smaller countries like Ecuador. In the last 20 years just very few reports have partially described this phenomenon in the country [ 24 – 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The disease burden of suicide in Ecuador, a 15 years’ geodemographic cross-sectional study (2001–2015)

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSuicide affects people from different backgrounds, ethnical groups, socio-economic status and geographical locations. In Latin America, suicide reports arescarce, specially in Andean countries. In Ecuador, very few reports have partially described this phenomenon, nonetheless, estimation of the burden of disease (BoD) hasnever been reported in the country.MethodsA country-wide comparison was performed using the Ministry of Public Health’s national databases of overall mortality, Hospital Discharges Database, and the Population Census of the National Institute of Census and Statistics (INEC). The study variables analyzed were age, geographical distribution to provincial level, sex, means of suicide, educational attainment, marital status and mortality. Linear Regression and relative Risk analysis were used to predict outcome and the likelihood that suicide occur among study variables.ResultsIn the last 15 years, 13,024 suicides were officially reported. Men were 3 times more likely than women to die by suicide. The overall age-adjusted suicide ratio in Ecuador corresponds to 7.1 per 100,000 per year. The sex-specific rates were 5.3 in women and 13.2 in men. The primary mean of suicide was hanging X70 (51.1%), followed by self-poisoning X68-X69 (35.2%) and firearms X72-X74 (7.6%). Provinces located at higher altitude reported higher rates than those located at sea level (9 per 100,000 vs 4.5 per 100.000). The total economic loss due to suicide was estimated to be $852.6 million during the 15 years’ analysis.ConclusionsThis is the first geodemographic study exploring the complete burden of suicide in Ecuador and one of the very few in Latin-America. In the last 15 years of available data, Ecuador ranks above the regional average with an adjusted suicide rate of 7.1 per 100,000 inhabitants. An important finding is that Suicide affects rather younger populations, adding more than 10,000 years of premature years of life lost (YYL) between 2001 and 2015, becoming the first and fourth leading cause of death among adolescent women and men respectively.Suicide affects people from different backgrounds, socioeconomic status and educational attainment. The mean of suicide changed over time showing that gun and pesticides related deaths decreased significantly since 2001, while hanging and suffocation increased in more than 50%.

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Deaths by Suicide in Ecuador: A Quantitative Data Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

An Analysis of the Socio-Demographic Differences in Ecuadorian Economically Active Population between Genders

An Analysis of the Socio-Demographic Differences in Ecuadorian Economically Active Population between Genders

The Ecuadorian Amazon: A Data Analysis of Social and Educational Characteristics of the Population

The disease burden of suicide in Ecuador, a 15 years’ geodemographic cross-sectional study (2001–2015)

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