“…Compounded with the rapid development of science and technology, economic globalization, war in Ukraine, and COVID-19, it has become important to build resilience in the supply chain. Zhao and Li ( 2021 ) bring resolution to conflict in the supply chain by examining cooperation between retail and contract suppliers using a two-stage model and design a coordination mechanism. Barz et al ( 2021 ) examine a real discrete pricing problem in network revenue management for FlixBus.…”