“…The majority of previous research on claims/disputes have gone much beyond the discovery of claim causes (Kumaraswamy, 1997;Enshassi et al, 2009;Sibanyama et al, 2012;Stamatiou et al, 2018;Parikh et al, 2019;Jalal et al, 2019;Le-Hoai et al, 2019;Illankoon et al, 2019;Saseendran et al, 2020;Tanriverdi et al, 2021), outcomes of construction claims (Chaphalkar et al, 2015), causes and effects of claims/disputes (Aryal and Dahal, 2018;Zaneldin, 2020). Especially, there are many support models to solve claim and dispute issues in construction, such as a proposed system for avoiding construction disputable claims (Mitropoulus and Howell, 2001;Mohamed et al, 2014), the decision-making governance platforms for the progression of construction claims and disputes (Abdul-Malak et al, 2020), a causal model of disputes (Kumar Viswanathan et al, 2020) and a hybrid fuzzy logic-SEM model for dispute probability evaluation (Naji et al, 2020).…”