Decision Making in Allocating Metropolitan Open Space: State of the Art

Myers, Marilyn

doi:10.2307/3627339

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…One definition holds that, as the counterpart of development, urban open space is a natural and cultural resource, synonymous with neither unused land nor park and recreation areas. Another definition is that open space is land and/or water area with its surface open to the sky which has been consciously acquired or publicly regulated to serve conservation and urban shaping functions in addition to providing recreational opportunities ( Myers, 1975 ; Thompson, 2002 ). In modern cities, the benefits that urban open space provides to citizens can be separated into three basic categories: recreation, ecology, and esthetic value ( Brander and Koetse, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Music on the Behaviors of Crowd in Urban Open Public Spaces

2018

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Sound environment plays an important role in urban open spaces, yet studies on the effects of perception of the sound environment on crowd behaviors have been limited. The aim of this study, therefore, is to explore how music, which is considered an important soundscape element, affects crowd behaviors in urban open spaces. On-site observations were performed at a 100 m × 70 m urban leisure square in Harbin, China. Typical music was used to study the effects of perception of the sound environment on crowd behaviors; then, these behaviors were classified into movement (passing by and walking around) and non-movement behaviors (sitting). The results show that the path of passing by in an urban leisure square with music was more centralized than without music. Without music, 8.3% of people passing by walked near the edge of the square, whereas with music, this percentage was zero. In terms of the speed of passing by behavior, no significant difference was observed with the presence or absence of background music. Regarding the effect of music on walking around behavior in the square, the mean area and perimeter when background music was played were smaller than without background music. The mean speed of those exhibiting walking around behavior with background music in the square was 0.296 m/s slower than when no background music was played. For those exhibiting sitting behavior, when background music was not present, crowd density showed no variation based on the distance from the sound source. When music was present, it was observed that as the distance from the sound source increased, crowd density of those sitting behavior decreased accordingly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Music on the Behaviors of Crowd in Urban Open Public Spaces

2018

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“…Table 2 presents all selected circular objects for this research. For this research, 7 types of circular objects were analyzed: Parks-Gardens ( 12), Settlements (6), Earthworks (5), Sacral Objects ( 6), Circular Buildings (3), Allotments (2) and Plazas (2).…”

Section: The Categories Of the Selected Circular Objects And Geometrical Data In Morphospace Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One definition defines open spaces as area with its surface open to the sky, regulated to serve conservation and urban shaping function in addition to providing recreational opportunities and many others [2]. In many definitions, open spaces are in unbreakable connection with green areas and natural spaces, so they often represent a porous area in a city (but not conditionally-there are many other types of open spaces too).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circle in Space—Space in Circle: A Study of Ratio between Open Space and Built-Up Area in Historical Circular Objects

2021

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Many cities nowadays explore different circular designs as new sustainable city concepts in different urban aspects. The new trend, as part of the adaptation for climate change, is a strategy of increasing the number of urban open spaces, and circular plan design could be a sustainable approach to urban development. This paper provides a historical overview of various examples of circular objects containing built structures and open spaces from the Neolithic to the present. The Built-Up Area (BUA) and Open Space (OS) relationships are shown histogramically for 36 objects arranged chronologically. The morphospace analysis was performed to determine any possible regularity in the relationships of parts of circular objects. For the purpose of this research, three variables were chosen. First, all selected historical examples of circular objects were divided into two main categories: objects with a total diameter smaller than 300 m and objects with a total diameter bigger than 300 m. Additionally, the selected circular objects were divided by their type of open space to better understand their spatial position. The largest number of analyzed objects belongs to the Parks–Gardens category, followed by settlements, and then earth works, sacral objects and circular buildings, with the smallest number of circular objects being in the category of allotments and plazas. The second variable was Jam area and % of Jam. The buildings are of different sizes up to several hundred m2, and the areas range up to several hundred ha. The total area to OS ratio ranges from 0% (for Large Serdab) to 100% (for multiple objects). There is a similar situation with the diameter ratios (total and “jam”). Additionally, the final variable was the historical position of the selected circular objects. Circular objects belong to all historical periods from the Neolithic to the present. The aim of this research was to explore the relationship between OS and BUA in various circular objects with different diameters of open spaces and find out if there was any regularity in this relationship. The morphospace analysis of this research indicates that there is no clear regularity in the relationship between the built-up area and the open space, but the aspects and research results shown here contribute to sustainability since the circular design approach could play a key role in future circular design processes.

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“…In the field of urban planning, the relevance of urban green spaces (UGSs) has been widely discussed [1][2][3]. Aside from its aesthetic impact, urban green spaces offer recreational activities, as well as a variety of environmental and health benefits [4][5][6]. UGSs are known for all the green paved, open, and burial places.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Qualitative Urban Green Spaces Index Applied to a Mediterranean City

Ajmi,

Allouche,

Taîbi

et al. 2023

Urban Science

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As a primary goal, urban green spaces (UGSs) have been linked to several aspects of inhabitants’ wellbeing. Quality could be a way to intervene in the UGS–human health interaction. For that purpose, we developed an urban green space quality index (UGS QIndex) applied to a Mediterranean region, Sousse City. This index was based on a set of criteria, indicators, and elements chosen after bibliographical research related to UGS quality assessment tools and their contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals. Then, we evaluated the quality of the Sousse Ramparts Gardens using the UGS QIndex. In fact, this index includes 41 elements grouped into 23 indicators covering seven thematic criteria: environmental regulating capacity, functional amenities, aesthetic amenities, landscape features, integration in its surroundings, development policy objectives, and space issues. According to the UGS QIndex, Bab El Gharbi garden exceeds Bab El Finga garden in terms of its scenery, aesthetics, and functionality. This index could be used by city planners to improve their UGS’s capacity to satisfy the inhabitants’ requirements. Otherwise, it needs to be enhanced and tailored to various types of UGSs and then applied to other Mediterranean cities, as well as cities suffering from UGS degradation.

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Decision Making in Allocating Metropolitan Open Space: State of the Art

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Music on the Behaviors of Crowd in Urban Open Public Spaces

Influence of Music on the Behaviors of Crowd in Urban Open Public Spaces

Circle in Space—Space in Circle: A Study of Ratio between Open Space and Built-Up Area in Historical Circular Objects

Developing a Qualitative Urban Green Spaces Index Applied to a Mediterranean City

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