Decoding of Heart–brain Relation by Complexity-Based Analysis of Heart Rate Variability (Hrv) and Electroencephalogram (Eeg) Signals

Abstract

Since the brain controls heart activations, there should be a correlation between their activities in different conditions. This study investigates the correlation between heart and brain responses to olfactory stimulation. We employed fractal theory and sample entropy to evaluate the complexity of EEG signals and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in the form of R–R time series. We applied four different pleasant odors with different molecular complexities to 13 participants and analyzed their EEG and ECG signals. The results demonstrated that the complexities of HRV and EEG signals are strongly correlated; a bigger alteration in the complexity of olfactory stimuli is mapped to a bigger alteration in the complexity of HRV and EEG signals. This investigation can be similarly done to examine the correlation between various organs and the brain by quantifying the complexity of their signals versus brain signals.

Study on the Psychological States of Olfactory Stimuli Using Electroencephalography and Heart Rate Variability

“…Babini et al investigated the correlation between heart and brain responses collected from 5channel EEG and ECG sensors in response to four types of odors. They suggested that the odor complexity and variation cause an increase in the complexity of EEG and HRV [44]. Jiang et al conducted a study on the psychological effects of fragrant flowers by measuring EEG, pulse rate, and blood pressure [45].…”

“…However, previous studies From the comparison between our study and previous studies that evaluated the psychological effect of olfactory stimuli using commercially available biological sensors, we obtained similar results from EEG and HRV analysis. However, previous studies [44][45][46][47] focused only on the psychological effect on the emotions expected by olfactory stimuli, such as the relaxing state after inhaling aromas. However, our study extended the interpretation of psychological effects through EEG and HRV indexes and applied them to the emotion map in corresponding to the existing emotion model like Russell's circumplex model of affect.…”

Study on the Classification of Electrogastrograms Using Artificial Intelligence Analysis in Frequency Space

“…Electrocardiography and electroencephalography are the main methods used to measure the physiological responses to odor exposure [4][5][6], and attempts have been made to use electrogastrograms (EGGs) [7]. In [7], no significant differences were noted in the frequency analysis of concentration differences during exposure to vanilla odor using EGGs; however, significant differences were found in the nonlinear analysis.…”