Decoupling light- and oxygen-induced degradation mechanisms of Sn–Pb perovskites in all perovskite tandem solar cells

Bai, Yang; Tian, Ruijia; Sun, Kexuan; Liu, Chang; Lang, Xiting; Yang, Ming; Meng, Yuanyuan; Xiao, Chuanxiao; Wang, Yaohua; Lu, Xiaoyi; Wang, Jingnan; Pan, Haibin; Song, Zhenhua; Zhou, Shujing; Ge, Ziyi

doi:10.1039/d4ee02427c

Energy Environ. Sci.

2024

DOI: 10.1039/d4ee02427c

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Decoupling light- and oxygen-induced degradation mechanisms of Sn–Pb perovskites in all perovskite tandem solar cells

Yang Bai,

Ruijia Tian,

Kexuan Sun

et al.

Abstract: This study showed PEHCl-CN can enhance the strength of Sn–I, resulting in good light stability. The subsequent doping of MBI resulted in good air stability. This enables the integrated 2T all-perovskite device to achieve an efficiency of 27.9%.

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Cited by 3 publications

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Heterogeneous Amine with Polycyclic‐Aromatics‐Modified Hole Transport Material for Efficient and Operationally Durable Perovskite Solar Cells

Luo,

Li,

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Achieving efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high operational durability is a challenging task. Here, by exploiting the heterogeneous amine strategy at the molecular level, a novel spirobifluorene derivative bearing methoxynaphthalene and 9,9‐dimethylfluorene heterogeneous amine peripheral groups (N2,N2′,N7,N7′‐tetrakis(9,9‐dimethyl‐9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)‐N2,N2′,N7,N7′‐tetrakis(6‐methoxynaphthalen‐2‐yl)‐9,9′‐spirobi[fluorene]‐2,2′,7,7′‐tetraamine, denoted as Spiro‐NADF) as a hole transport material (HTM) is developed to address the efficiency and durability issues of PSCs. Compared with 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenyl)‐amine‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene, Spiro‐NADF exhibits not only favorable energy level alignment but also a higher glass transition temperature and strong adhesion to perovskite. Moreover, Spiro‐NADF‐based transport layer shows excellent morphological stability in devices against damp heat stress. These advantages reduce voltage loss and suppress perovskite decomposition and ion migration. Consequently, PSCs based on Spiro‐NADF exhibit a champion efficiency of 24.66% with an open‐circuit voltage of 1.19 V. The corresponding cells show greatly enhanced operational durability against harsh environments, retaining over 92% of the initial efficiencies for 500 h aging under a damp heat test (85 °C and 70–90% relative humidity) and illumination under the maximum power point tracking, respectively. This work demonstrates that molecular engineering of HTMs using heterogeneous amines with polycyclic aromatics leaves considerable room for developing efficient and stable PSCs.

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Heterogeneous Amine with Polycyclic‐Aromatics‐Modified Hole Transport Material for Efficient and Operationally Durable Perovskite Solar Cells

Luo,

Li,

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Sn‐Pb Perovskite with Strong Light and Oxygen Stability for All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Yang,

Bai,

Meng

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Research on mixed Sn‐Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is gaining significant attention due to their potential for high efficiency in all‐perovskite tandem solar cells. However, Sn2+ in Sn‐Pb perovskite is susceptible to oxidation, leading to a high defect density. The oxidation primarily occurs through two pathways: one involving a reaction with oxygen, and the other related to iodine defects, which generate I2 and further accelerate the oxidation of Sn2⁺, greatly reducing stability. First, to tackle the photo‐stability issues caused by iodine defects, amber acid (AA) is screened as the additive. The Carboxyl group on AA can strongly coordinate with Sn2+, reinforcing the Sn─I bond and electrostatically interacting with negatively charged defects. This interaction inhibits the photoinduced formation of I2 and the subsequent oxidation of Sn2+, thereby enhancing the stability of Sn─Pb PSCs under continuous illumination. Building on the foundation of AA, a reductive sulfhydryl group is introduced to synthesize thiomalic acid (TA). It inhibits the formation of Sn4+ in both the perovskite precursor and the perovskite film, thereby improving air stability while maintaining strong photostability. Consequently, single PSCs achieved a champion efficiency of 22.7%. The best‐performing two‐terminal all‐perovskite tandem solar cell achieved a power conversion efficiency of 28.6% with improved operational stability.

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Toward Commercial-Scale Perovskite Solar Cells: The Role of ALD-SnO₂ Buffer Layers in Performance and Stability

Lan,

Lu,

Huang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Hybrid organic−inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown significant potential in photovoltaic applications due to their superior optoelectronic properties. However, the conventional electron transport layer (ETL) of C 60 in PSCs poses challenges such as incomplete coverage and metal diffusion, leading to reduced performance and stability. This work explores the efficacy of atomic layer deposition (ALD) of SnO 2 as an interlayer between C 60 and electrode to enhance the performance and stability of devices. Devices with varying SnO 2 thicknesses were fabricated, revealing that a 15 nm ALD-SnO 2 layer optimally improved the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 23.85%, compared to the 22.86% achieved with a BCP layer. Moreover, the SnO 2 -based devices exhibited superior open-circuit voltage (V OC ), short-circuit current density (J SC ), and fill factor (FF). Modules (30 × 30 cm) with ALD-SnO 2 demonstrated notable enhancements in efficiency and uniformity, suggesting the potential for scalable commercial applications. Photoluminescence (PL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses confirmed the improved charge extraction and reduced recombination with the SnO 2 buffer layer. This research indicates that ALD-SnO 2 is a promising interlayer candidate for PSCs, providing a pathway toward higher efficiency and stability in perovskite solar technology.

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Decoupling light- and oxygen-induced degradation mechanisms of Sn–Pb perovskites in all perovskite tandem solar cells

Abstract: This study showed PEHCl-CN can enhance the strength of Sn–I, resulting in good light stability. The subsequent doping of MBI resulted in good air stability. This enables the integrated 2T all-perovskite device to achieve an efficiency of 27.9%.

Cited by 3 publications

References 68 publications

Heterogeneous Amine with Polycyclic‐Aromatics‐Modified Hole Transport Material for Efficient and Operationally Durable Perovskite Solar Cells

Heterogeneous Amine with Polycyclic‐Aromatics‐Modified Hole Transport Material for Efficient and Operationally Durable Perovskite Solar Cells

Sn‐Pb Perovskite with Strong Light and Oxygen Stability for All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Toward Commercial-Scale Perovskite Solar Cells: The Role of ALD-SnO₂ Buffer Layers in Performance and Stability

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Decoupling light- and oxygen-induced degradation mechanisms of Sn–Pb perovskites in all perovskite tandem solar cells

Abstract: This study showed PEHCl-CN can enhance the strength of Sn–I, resulting in good light stability. The subsequent doping of MBI resulted in good air stability. This enables the integrated 2T all-perovskite device to achieve an efficiency of 27.9%.

Cited by 3 publications

References 68 publications

Heterogeneous Amine with Polycyclic‐Aromatics‐Modified Hole Transport Material for Efficient and Operationally Durable Perovskite Solar Cells

Heterogeneous Amine with Polycyclic‐Aromatics‐Modified Hole Transport Material for Efficient and Operationally Durable Perovskite Solar Cells

Sn‐Pb Perovskite with Strong Light and Oxygen Stability for All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Toward Commercial-Scale Perovskite Solar Cells: The Role of ALD-SnO2 Buffer Layers in Performance and Stability

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Product

Resources

About

Toward Commercial-Scale Perovskite Solar Cells: The Role of ALD-SnO₂ Buffer Layers in Performance and Stability