Decoupling peroxyacetyl nitrate from ozone in Chinese outflows observed at Gosan Climate Observatory

Han, Jeong Sik; Lee, Meehye; Shang, Xiaona; Lee, Gangwoong; Emmons, L. K.

doi:10.5194/acp-17-10619-2017

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…We use surface SO 2 measurements from China National Environmental Monitoring Center, U.S. EPA Air Quality System, India Central Pollution Control Board, and South Korea National Institute of Environmental Research for posterior SO 2 emission and simulation evaluations. Pulse UV fluorescent analyzers are used for SO 2 measurement in United States and South Korea (Han et al, 2017;NIER, 2016). The measurement methods in China and India may be different at different sites during the studied period.…”

Section: In Situ Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SO₂ Emission Estimates Using OMI SO₂ Retrievals for 2005–2017

Henze

et al. 2019

JGR Atmospheres

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SO2 column densities from Ozone Monitoring Instrument provide important information on emission trends and missing sources, but there are discrepancies between different retrieval products. We employ three Ozone Monitoring Instrument SO2 retrieval products (National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) standard (SP), NASA prototype, and BIRA) to study the magnitude and trend of SO2 emissions. SO2 column densities from these retrievals are most consistent when viewing angles and solar zenith angles are small, suggesting more robust emission estimates in summer and at low latitudes. We then apply a hybrid 4D‐Var/mass balance emission inversion to derive monthly SO2 emissions from the NASA SP and BIRA products. Compared to HTAPv2 emissions in 2010, both posterior emission estimates are lower in United States, India, and Southeast China, but show different changes of emissions in North China Plain. The discrepancies between monthly NASA and BIRA posterior emissions in 2010 are less than or equal to 17% in China and 34% in India. SO2 emissions increase from 2005 to 2016 by 35% (NASA)–48% (BIRA) in India, but decrease in China by 23% (NASA)–33% (BIRA) since 2008. Compared to in situ measurements, the posterior GEOS‐Chem surface SO2 concentrations have reduced NMB in China, the United States, and India but not in South Korea in 2010. BIRA posteriors have better consistency with the annual growth rate of surface SO2 measurement in China and spatial variability of SO2 concentration in China, South Korea, and India, whereas NASA SP posteriors have better seasonality. These evaluations demonstrate the capability to recover SO2 emissions using Ozone Monitoring Instrument observations.

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Section: In Situ Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SO₂ Emission Estimates Using OMI SO₂ Retrievals for 2005–2017

Henze

et al. 2019

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is an important photochemical pollutant in the atmosphere and is regarded as a photochemical pollution indicator. − Similar to ozone (O 3 ), high PAN mixing ratios have detrimental effects on crop development , and human health. − PAN is formed when nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) reacts with peroxyacetyl (PA) radicals generated by the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), − while thermal decomposition is the primary sink of PAN near the ground level. ,− Because PAN has a temperature-dependent lifespan, it can act as a reservoir of atmospheric nitrogen and regulate nitrogen cycling in remote atmospheres. ,− Consequently, PAN measurements have been extensively undertaken in both densely populated urban areas and background regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic Pollutants Induce Changes in Peroxyacetyl Nitrate Formation Intensity and Pathways in a Mountainous Background Atmosphere in Southern China

Wang

Liu

Gong

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Mountainous background areas are typically considered to have a clean atmosphere where peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) can be decomposed. This study demonstrated that PAN was photochemically formed with a simulated production rate of 0.28 ± 0.06 ppbv h −1 in the Nanling mountains (1690 m a.s.l.) of South China and that net PAN formation was dependent on both volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NO x precursors (transition regime). In contrast to dominated acetaldehyde oxidation in previous urban and rural research, PAN at Nanling was primarily formed by methylglyoxal (38%), acetaldehyde (28%), radicals (20%), and other oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) (13%). Moreover, when polluted air masses invaded the Nanling mountains, the PAN production rate was altered, primarily because anthropogenic aromatics intensified PAN formation via the oxidized pathways of methylglyoxal, other OVOCs, and radicals. Finally, net PAN formation at Nanling reduced the hydroxyl radical level by consuming NO x , impaired local radical cycling, and thereby suppressed local O 3 production. This suppressing effect was exacerbated on polluted days. The findings of this study deepen our understanding of PAN photochemistry and the impact of anthropogenic intrusions on the background atmosphere of mountainous regions.

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“…In addition to precursor substances, meteorological factors also have an influential effect on ambient O 3 concentration [6,7]. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (CH 3 C(O)O 2 NO 2 , PAN) in the atmosphere serves also as a reliable and scientific indicator of photochemical pollution [8]. PAN acts as 2 of 14 a temporary reservoir for NO x and radicals, which can be transported to distant areas to redistribute NO x as well as influence O 3 production on a regional or even global scale [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Characteristics of Ozone (O3) in the Representative City of the Yangtze River Delta: Explanatory Factors and Sensitivity Analysis

Lü

Pang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Ozone (O3) has attracted considerable attention due to its harmful effects on the ecosystem and human health. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China in particular has experienced severe O3 pollution in recent years. Here, we conducted a long-term observation of O3 in YRD to reveal its characteristics. The O3 concentration in autumn was the highest at 72.76 ppb due to photochemical contribution and local convection patterns, with its lowest value of 2.40 ppb in winter. O3 exhibited strong diurnal variations, showing the highest values in the early afternoon (15:00–16:00) and the minimum in 07:00–08:00, specifically, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) showed similar variations to O3 but PAN peak usually occurred 1 h earlier than that of O3 due to PAN photolysis. A generalized additive model indicated that the key factors to O3 formation were NO2, PAN, and temperature. It was found that a certain temperature rise promoted O3 formation, whereas temperatures above 27 °C inhibited O3 formation. An observation-based model showed O3 formation was VOCs-limited in spring and winter, was NOx-limited in summer, and even controlled by both VOCs and NOx in autumn. Thus, prevention and control strategies for O3 in the YRD are strongly recommended to be variable for each season based on various formation mechanisms.

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Decoupling peroxyacetyl nitrate from ozone in Chinese outflows observed at Gosan Climate Observatory

Abstract: Abstract. We measured peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and other reactive species such as O 3 , NO 2

Cited by 18 publications

References 80 publications

SO₂ Emission Estimates Using OMI SO₂ Retrievals for 2005–2017

SO₂ Emission Estimates Using OMI SO₂ Retrievals for 2005–2017

Anthropogenic Pollutants Induce Changes in Peroxyacetyl Nitrate Formation Intensity and Pathways in a Mountainous Background Atmosphere in Southern China

Temporal Characteristics of Ozone (O3) in the Representative City of the Yangtze River Delta: Explanatory Factors and Sensitivity Analysis

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Decoupling peroxyacetyl nitrate from ozone in Chinese outflows observed at Gosan Climate Observatory

Abstract: Abstract. We measured peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and other reactive species such as O 3 , NO 2

Cited by 18 publications

References 80 publications

SO2 Emission Estimates Using OMI SO2 Retrievals for 2005–2017

SO2 Emission Estimates Using OMI SO2 Retrievals for 2005–2017

Anthropogenic Pollutants Induce Changes in Peroxyacetyl Nitrate Formation Intensity and Pathways in a Mountainous Background Atmosphere in Southern China

Temporal Characteristics of Ozone (O3) in the Representative City of the Yangtze River Delta: Explanatory Factors and Sensitivity Analysis

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SO₂ Emission Estimates Using OMI SO₂ Retrievals for 2005–2017

SO₂ Emission Estimates Using OMI SO₂ Retrievals for 2005–2017