Deep Mitochondrial DNA Lineage Divergences Within Alberta Populations of Dermacentor albipictus (Acari: Ixodidae) Do Not Indicate Distinct Species

Leo, Sarah S. T.; Pybus, M. J.; Sperling, Felix A. H.

doi:10.1093/jmedent/47.4.565

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As previously reported, the spiracular plates of D. albipictus displayed some morphologic variation ranging from round to dorsally elongated (Leo et al, 2010). Interestingly, E. chaffeensis was not detected in D. albipictus collected from the infected elk described in this report, even though this tick is a member of the same ixodid tribe (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in a naturally infected elk (Cervus elaphus) from Missouri, USA

et al. 2015

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Introduction: Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an emerging zoonotic tick-borne rickettsial pathogen that has been detected in a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including ruminants, canids and primates. Although white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are considered the primary reservoir of E. chaffeensis, this pathogen was also reported in other naturally infected cervids, including Korean spotted or sika deer (Cervus nippon) and Brazilian marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus).Case presentation: A captive adult bull elk (Cervus elaphus) from east-central Missouri was submitted for post-mortem analysis. The elk was in poor body condition with easily palpable ribs and vertebral spinal processes. Excoriations were noted on the occipital region of the head and on the left scapula, which had moderate amounts of maggots within the lesions. Large numbers of ticks were scattered over the body. Novel and established PCR assays were used to detect E. chaffeensis in blood and spleen samples from this elk, but the pathogen was not detected in Dermacentor albipictus ticks collected at necropsy. Portions of several gene sequences were analysed from the infecting agent.Conclusion To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of E. chaffeensis infection in an elk. It was not determined whether the pathogen contributed to cause of death. Notably, the pathogen was not detected in D. albipictus ticks collected from the elk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in a naturally infected elk (Cervus elaphus) from Missouri, USA

et al. 2015

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“…sanguineus group based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences (Moraes-Filho et al 2011). For our study, we chose to use the mitochondrial 12S rDNA gene because it has been demonstrated to be a good marker for the establishment of genetic relationships among closely related tick species (Szabo et al 2005;Ketchum et al 2009;Labruna et al 2009;Burlini et al 2010), while deep divergences of the 16S rDNA gene may arise within a single species (Leo et al 2010). Taken together, sequence analyses of both genes indicate that the taxon Rh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossbreeding between different geographical populations of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae)

et al. 2012

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Brown dog ticks are distributed world-wide, and their systematics and phylogeny are the subject of an ongoing debate. The present study evaluates the reproductive compatibility between Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from North America, Israel, and Africa. Female ticks of the parent generation were mated with males from the same and alternate colonies. Every pure and hybrid cohort was maintained separately into the F2 generation with F1 females being allowed to mate only with males from the same cohort. The following survival parameters were measured and recorded for every developmental stage: feeding duration and success; engorgement weight, fertility, and fecundity of females; molting and hatching success. Ticks from North American and Mediterranean populations hybridized successfully. The survival parameters of all their hybrid lines were similar to those in pure lines throughout the F1 generation, and F1 adults were fully fertile. Parent adult ticks from the African population hybridized with either North American or Mediterranean ticks and produced viable progenies whose survival parameters were also similar to those in pure lines throughout the F1 generation. However, F1 adults in the four hybrid lines that included African ancestry were infertile. No parthenogenesis was observed in any pure or hybrid lines as proportion of males in F1 generation ranged from 40 to 60 %. Phylogenetic analysis of the 12S rDNA gene sequences placed African ticks into a separate clade from those of the North American or Mediterranean origins. Our results demonstrate that Rh. sanguineus ticks from North America and Israel represent the same species, whereas the African population used in this study is significantly distant and probably represents a different taxon.

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“…Mitochondrial gene sequences (COI and 16S) show two deeply diverged mitochondrial lineages (Crosbie et al, 1998;Leo et al, 2010). However, this signature is not observed in nuclear loci (ITS-2 and lysozyme) and one of the mitochondrial lineages may be the result of past hybridization with a congener, possibly D. nitens.…”

Section: Dermacentormentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Two major mitochondrial lineages, possibly from mtDNA introgression from D. nitens; microsatellites predict three recently diverged genetic groups in Alberta Crosbie et al (1998), Leo et al (2010Leo et al ( , 2012Leo et al ( , 2014 Dermacentor andersoni Variable structure depending on scale and markers used; high structure observed among host-specific races; also sex-biased dispersal is known Casati et al (2008), De Meeûs et al (2002, Delaye et al (1997Delaye et al ( , 1998, Dinnis et al (2014), Healy (1979a,b), Kempf et al (2009b), Noureddine et al (2011 Ixodes pacificus DNA sequence (COIII), allozymes High structure on highly mobile hosts Kain et al (1997Kain et al ( , 1999, McLain et al (1995), Wesson et al (1993) Ixodes scapularis Microsatellites, DNA sequence (16S/cytc) High structure on highly mobile hosts Humphrey et al (2010), Kempf et al (2009bKempf et al ( , 2010Kempf et al ( , 2011, Krakowetz et al (2011), McLain et al (1995, Norris et al (1996), Qiu et al (2002), Rich et al (1995), Wesson et al (1993) …”

Section: Dermacentor Albipictusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thirty years of tick population genetics: A comprehensive review

Araya-Anchetta

Busch

Scoles

et al. 2015

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

118

109

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Population genetic studies provide insights into the basic biology of arthropod disease vectors by estimating dispersal patterns and their potential to spread pathogens. In wingless vectors, such as ticks, gene flow will be defined in large part by the mobility of their hosts. However, tick behaviors and life cycle strategies can limit their dispersal even on highly mobile hosts and lead to an increase in genetic structure. In this review we synthesize the published literature from three decades of tick population genetic studies. Based on studies from 22 tick species (including representatives from Amblyomma, Bothriocroton, Dermacentor, Ixodes, Ornithodoros, and Rhipicephalus), observed levels of population genetic structure in ticks varied from no structure to very high levels. In about half of the species (including representatives from Amblyomma, Bothriocroton, Dermacentor, and Ornithodoros), tick genetic structure appeared to be determined primarily by the movement capacity of hosts, with low gene flow observed in ticks that use smaller bodied less mobile hosts and high gene flow in ticks using highly mobile hosts. In a number of other species (primarily from Ixodes, Ornithodoros, and Rhipicephalus), behavioral limitations to gene flow appeared to result in greater genetic structure than expected based upon host movement capability alone. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of genetic markers and their applicability to ticks and suggest possible analyses when planning population genetic studies for ticks.

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Deep Mitochondrial DNA Lineage Divergences Within Alberta Populations of Dermacentor albipictus (Acari: Ixodidae) Do Not Indicate Distinct Species

Cited by 26 publications

References 32 publications

Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in a naturally infected elk (Cervus elaphus) from Missouri, USA

Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in a naturally infected elk (Cervus elaphus) from Missouri, USA

Crossbreeding between different geographical populations of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Thirty years of tick population genetics: A comprehensive review

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