“…Although SEAM has been applied to the characterization of a wide variety of materials [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], only recently has it been applied to the assessment of brittle materials [16,17]. We have found [17] that SEAM images of Vickers indentations of SiC whisker-reinforced alumina clearly reveal not only the radial cracks, the length of which can be used to assess the fracture toughness of the material, but also reveal strong contrast, interpreted as arising from the combined effects of lateral cracks and the residual stress field left in the SiC whisker-reinforced alumina by the indenter.…”