Deep vein thrombosis and aneurysm co-occurrence: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Background The co-occurrence of deep vein thrombosis with vascular aneurysms, whether venous or arterial, seems to be uncommon. This case report details a patient who experienced an isolated rupture of the right common iliac aneurysm 1 year after a deep vein thrombosis episode. Case presentation A 20-year-old Iranian female with a history of deep vein thrombosis DVT was treated with rivaroxaban but later presented with a ruptured right common iliac aneurysm. Surgical intervention was successful, but she developed persistent abdominal pain, small bowel obstruction, and a large pancreatic pseudocyst requiring drainage. Despite continued anticoagulant therapy, a thrombosed graft was observed, although the patient remains asymptomatic for organ ischemia or blood supply disorders. Conclusion The association of deep vein thrombosis with vascular aneurysms is a rare occurrence. It is important to consider aneurysm-related flow disturbances and compression effects on veins when evaluating patients with concurrent deep vein thrombosis and aneurysms. Behçet’s disease, Hughes–Stovin syndrome, chronic traumatic arteriovenous fistula, and recurrent nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteremia can also contribute to this association.