“…In recent years, the ferromagnetism (FM) has been reported in undoped oxides, such as HfO2, TiO2, In2O3, CeO2, Al2O3, SnO2 and ZnO [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . This observed ferromagnetism in materials, containing no intrinsic magnetic elements, is termed d 0 ferromagnetism 8 .…”