Deficits of subliminal self-face processing in schizophrenia

Slower access to visual awareness but otherwise intact implicit perception of emotional faces in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders

“…The access to visual awareness by biologically relevant stimuli, such as human faces, was only recently explored in schizophrenia. By using b-CFS, Zhou et al (2020) found that people with schizophrenia needed longer time to detect the presence of a face than people without psychiatric disorders, similar to the present study. Interestingly, the authors reported that in controls, but not in patients, self-face stimuli broke suppression significantly faster than famous faces, which may be related to bottom-up impairments in self-perception in schizophrenia (Zhou et al, 2020).…”

“…By using b-CFS, Zhou et al (2020) found that people with schizophrenia needed longer time to detect the presence of a face than people without psychiatric disorders, similar to the present study. Interestingly, the authors reported that in controls, but not in patients, self-face stimuli broke suppression significantly faster than famous faces, which may be related to bottom-up impairments in self-perception in schizophrenia (Zhou et al, 2020). However, others have reported an intact visual awareness for upright/inverted faces (Caruana et al, 2019), averted/direct eye gaze (Seymour et al, 2016), and angry/fearful faces with direct/averted eye gaze (Caruana & Seymour, 2021) in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.…”

“…These mixed findings in the literature may be related to the use of distinct stimuli and methodology, namely suppressors, opacity manipulation, stimulus location, and low-level features (Pournaghdali & Schwartz, 2020). For instance, in the three studies showing similar suppression times (Caruana & Seymour, 2021;Caruana et al, 2019;Seymour et al, 2016), stimuli were viewed through a mirror stereoscope, while anaglyph glasses were used in our and Zhou et al (2020) study. Anaglyph glasses are associated with some crosstalk between eyes because parts of the suppressed stimuli might bleed through the lenses (Baker, Kaestner, & Gouws, 2016;Carmel, Arcaro, Kastner, & Hasson, 2010).…”

“…Red-blue anaglyph glasses were used to allow the presentation of different information to each eye (Engell & Quilliam, 2020;Gomes, Soares, Silva, & Silva, 2018;Korb, Osimo, Suran, Goldstein, & Rumiati, 2017;Zhou et al, 2020). In the present study, the red filter lens was used over the left eye and the blue filter lens over the right eye.…”

The neural mechanism of self-face recognition: An ALE meta-analysis of fMRI studies

“…)。 额下回和脑岛除了参与评价自我面孔之外, Guan et al, 2020;Morita et al, 2008;Morita et al, 2014;Verosky & Todorov, 2010) Bortolon et al, 2017;Bortolon et al, 2016aBortolon et al, , 2016bZhou et al, 2020) Chakraborty & Chakrabarti, 2018;Morita et al, 2016;Morita et al, 2012)、焦虑症患者 (Kim et al, 2016)和抑郁症患者 (Quevedo et al, 2018;Quevedo et al, 2019;Quevedo et al, 2016…”