“…8 Further, Laura Carstens argued that sustainability efforts were successful in Dubuque, Iowa, thanks to a foundation of strong partnerships and cooperation. 9 Given this contemporary discussion of sustainability policy formation and community governance initiatives, and, as Michael Abels noted in 2014, the widespread advocacy of collaboration as crucial to successful sustainability efforts, a question emerges: To what degree is there a direct and positive relationship between collaboration and sustainability in local communities? 10 The answer is not always clear.…”