Defining optical distortion in rigid endoscopes

Abel, E.W.; Fotiadis, Nikolaos; Miah, Mohammad Alam; White, Paul S.

doi:10.1002/lary.24971

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In particular, overcoming the loss of stereoscopic depth perception is associated with a long learning curve [6,7]. Inaccurate object localisation and depth perception in laparoscopic surgery may be dangerous [8]. Advances in video technology, namely high-definition two-dimensional imaging (2D HD) and stereoscopic (three-dimensional) laparoscopes (3D HD), have been developed in an attempt to reduce complication rates and to shorten the learning curve.…”

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confidence: 99%

Is 3D faster and safer than 4K laparoscopic cholecystectomy? A randomised-controlled trial

et al. 2019

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Background Laparoscopic surgery has well-established benefits for patients; however, laparoscopic procedures have a long and difficult learning curve, in large part due to the lack of stereoscopic depth perception. Developments in high-definition and stereoscopic imaging have attempted to overcome this. Three-dimensional high-definition (3D HD) systems are thought to improve operating times compared to two-dimensional high-definition systems. However their performance against new, ultra-high-definition ('4K') systems is not known. Methods Patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomised to 3D HD or 4K laparoscopy. Operative videos were recorded, and the time from gallbladder exposure to separation from the liver (minus on table cholangiogram) was calculated. Blinded video assessment was performed to calculate intraoperative error scores. Results One hundred and twenty patients were randomised, of which 109 were analysed (3D HD n = 54; 4K n = 55). No reduction in operative time was detected with 3D HD compared to 4K laparoscopy (median [IQR]; 23.41 min [17.00-37.98] vs 20.90 min [17.67-33.03]; p = 0.91); nor was there any decrease observed in error scores (60 [56-62] vs 58 [56][57][58][59][60]; p = 0.27), complications or reattendance. Stone spillage occurred more frequently with 3D HD, but there were no other differences in individual error rates. Gallbladder grade and operating surgeon had significant effects on time to complete the operation. Gallbladder grade also had a significant effect on the error score. Conclusions A 3D HD laparoscopic system did not reduce operative time or error scores during laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared with a new 4K imaging system.Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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confidence: 99%

Is 3D faster and safer than 4K laparoscopic cholecystectomy? A randomised-controlled trial

et al. 2019

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“…This angle has previously been defined as the relative angle (RA). 4 The effect is illustrated in Figure 5 . Compared with the circularly symmetrical field of view in the 0° endoscope, shown in Figure 5A where RA is 0°, the field of view in the 30° endoscope, shown in Figure 5B where RA is 30°, covers a much greater object area and distance with progressively less light reaching the increasingly distant parts of the image.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The integral light fiber array carrying light from the source does not provide even object illumination, with the central region appearing brighter than the edge of the operative field. Although optical distortion in rod lens endoscopes has been investigated and quantified previously, 4 and surgical task performance has been shown to be affected by lens angulation 5 , 6 the variation of light intensity across the operative field has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of variation in the light intensity displayed by rigid endoscopes of the type commonly used in endoscopic sinus surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light intensity distribution in images from rigid endoscopes used in minimal access sinus surgery

Abel

Fotiadis

White

2021

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Objectives/Hypothesis: To investigate the pattern of intensity levels in images generated by the two most commonly used rigid endoscopes angulations in sinus surgery: 0 and 30 .Methods: An enclosed light box containing an optical square grid, under endoscope illumination set just below saturation level, was used for measuring light distribution levels across test images. Endoscopes with 0 and 30 angulations were tested at 10 mm from the grid, typical for sinus surgery. The grid was set perpendicular to the axis of the shaft of the endoscope. The grayscale light intensity (GLI) levels (0 = black, 255 = white) in each of the grid squares were quantified from the digitized images.Results: Light intensity was highly non-uniform for both endoscopes. The brightest area of the field of view was at the center for the 0 endoscope and at about 20% of the image diameter proximally from the center for the 30 endoscope. For the 0 endoscope with a maximum value of about 230 GLI (90% of white saturation) at the center the minimum value was about 100 GLI at the periphery. The 30 endoscope with a similar maximum GLI value of 226 had a minimum of under 50 GLI at the most distant periphery, too dark for clear grid line definition. Conclusion:There are wide variations in light intensity across the image circle and much reduced illumination of the field edge. Surgeons should be aware of this fact so that accommodation can be made when surgical manipulation is performed away from the center of the endoscope field. This is especially relevant in angled cavities such as the frontal sinus recess, where the degree of angulation necessitates "edge of field" surgery.

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“…Since its inception over 50 years ago, rigid endoscopic telescopes (RET) have become a common imaging tool for minimal access surgery across various disciplines within otolaryngology. 1,2 Despite the recent nascence of flexible operative endoscopy in endonasal procedures, rigid endoscopy using RET remains the standard of care for endoscopic sinus surgery. 3 Within the realm of laryngology, microlaryngoscopy using RET permits both a high quality, ultra-close proximity examination of the larynx and the trachea (including the use of angled telescopes, which can have advantages over the straight line-of-site of a surgical microscope) and a panoramic view not easily equaled by the surgical microscope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Rigid Telescope Holder for Endoscopic Surgery in Otolaryngology

Jain,

Dion,

Howell

et al. 2023

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol

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Defining optical distortion in rigid endoscopes

Abstract: Optical distortion can be quantified and understood using straightforward definitions. High levels of distortion are common, particularly due to perspective distortion, which is dependent on RA but independent of barrel distortion and the viewing angle of the endoscope.

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Is 3D faster and safer than 4K laparoscopic cholecystectomy? A randomised-controlled trial

Is 3D faster and safer than 4K laparoscopic cholecystectomy? A randomised-controlled trial

Light intensity distribution in images from rigid endoscopes used in minimal access sinus surgery

A Novel Rigid Telescope Holder for Endoscopic Surgery in Otolaryngology

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