Defining Parallels between the Salivary Glands and Pancreas to Better Understand Pancreatic Carcinogenesis

Tiffon, Céline

doi:10.3390/biomedicines8060178

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Despite the lack of agreement, the pancreas shares histological and functional similarities with salivary glands, and in particular, the parotid salivary gland. 27 Given the fact that stimulated saliva is mainly a product of parotid secretion and 50 in accordance with the results of our meta-analysis, our data support using stimulated saliva for PC diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Salivary noncoding RNA in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Koopaie

Kolahdooz

Fatahzadeh

et al. 2022

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background Pancreatic cancer is considered one of the most deadly malignancies, primarily because of its diagnostic challenges. We performed a systematic review and diagnostic meta‐analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of noncoding salivary RNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Methods Our investigation involved pertinent studies published in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LIVIVO, Ovid and also the Google Scholar search engine. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated, as were positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). The summary receiver‐operating characteristics and area under the curve were plotted and assessed. Results This meta‐analysis and systematic review involved and examined five studies that contained 145 study units with a total of 2731 subjects (1465 pancreatic cancer patients versus 1266 noncancer controls). The pooled specificity, sensitivity, NLR, PLR and DOR were 0.783 (95% CI: 0.759–0.805), 0.829 (95% CI: 0.809–0.848), 0.309 (95% CI: 0.279–0.343), 3.386 (95% CI: 2.956–3.879) and 18.403 (95% CI: 14.753–22.954), respectively, with the area under the curve (AUC) equal to 0.882. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the saliva type (unstimulated and stimulated), mean age of patients, sample size, type of control, serum carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19‐9) level and type of salivary noncoding RNA (microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)). Conclusions The results of our systematic review and meta‐analysis suggest that noncoding RNA biomarkers in the stimulated saliva could be a promising approach for accurate pancreatic cancer diagnosis in the early stages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…23,26 Interestingly, there are functional similarities between the pancreas and salivary glands. 27,28 Similar to salivary glands, most pancreatic-specific genes encode secreted proteins. 29 Also, animal studies show that the induction of PC in mice causes biochemical changes in saliva.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary noncoding RNA in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Koopaie

Kolahdooz

Fatahzadeh

et al. 2022

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“… 5 Exploration into a possible association of pancreatic LEC with HIV infection might be warranted since the parotid gland and the pancreas are similar in many ways: both being accessory organs of the human digestive system, and furthermore, they are both exocrine and endocrine organs with similar structure, physiologic function, and embryological development. 19 , 20 In addition, the progenitor cells of the pancreas and parotid glands have similar roles in repair and regeneration. 19 – 21 Bédat et al 5 emphasized the similarity and correlation between the pancreatic and the parotid gland LEC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 19 , 20 In addition, the progenitor cells of the pancreas and parotid glands have similar roles in repair and regeneration. 19 – 21 Bédat et al 5 emphasized the similarity and correlation between the pancreatic and the parotid gland LEC. However, the pathogenesis of pancreatic LEC remains largely unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic lymphoepithelial cyst with concurrent HIV infection: A case report and review of the literature

Oyedeji

Rodgers

Wrubel

et al. 2022

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports

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Pancreatic lymphoepithelial cysts are rare, benign, non-neoplastic unilocular or multilocular cystic lesions. These circumscribed pancreatic lesions are filled with keratinous material grossly and exhibit distinct microscopic features. Pancreatic lymphoepithelial cysts are like the more common lymphoepithelial cysts of the parotid glands, which have been associated with the diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome often seen in patients with HIV infection. However, pancreatic lymphoepithelial cysts are rare and their association with HIV infection has not been established. The presence of secondary changes in non-neoplastic cysts such as goblet cell metaplasia that was present in our case is an important feature to be included in the differential diagnosis and not to be interpreted as a mucinous neoplasm, particularly on fine-needle aspiration specimen microscopic evaluation that would impact further management. Here we describe the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoepithelial cysts in a patient who was on highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection and we provide a brief literature review. Defining the clinical characteristics of lymphoepithelial cysts in patients with HIV and determining accurate preoperative diagnostic procedures will be critical for establishing effective surgical and medical approaches to treating these cysts, which differ substantially from other more serious pancreatic cystic lesions.

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“…Also, both organs develop in parallel through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and secrete bicarbonate rich digestive fluid into the alimentary canal. Through these similarities, it is possible that the oral microbiome may serve as a reflection of pancreatic changes during carcinogenesis [ 100 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oral microbiome, pancreatic cancer and human diversity in the age of precision medicine

et al. 2022

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Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with limited diagnostic and treatment options. Not all populations are affected equally, as disparities exist in pancreatic cancer prevalence, treatment and outcomes. Recently, next-generation sequencing has facilitated a more comprehensive analysis of the human oral microbiome creating opportunity for its application in precision medicine. Oral microbial shifts occur in patients with pancreatic cancer, which may be appreciated years prior to their diagnosis. In addition, pathogenic bacteria common in the oral cavity have been found within pancreatic tumors. Despite these findings, much remains unknown about how or why the oral microbiome differs in patients with pancreatic cancer. As individuals develop, their oral microbiome reflects both their genotype and environmental influences. Genetics, race/ethnicity, smoking, socioeconomics and age affect the composition of the oral microbiota, which may ultimately play a role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain the oral dysbiosis found in patients with pancreatic cancer though they have yet to be confirmed. With a better understanding of the interplay between the oral microbiome and pancreatic cancer, improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches may be implemented to reduce healthcare disparities.

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Defining Parallels between the Salivary Glands and Pancreas to Better Understand Pancreatic Carcinogenesis

Cited by 13 publications

References 79 publications

Salivary noncoding RNA in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Salivary noncoding RNA in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Pancreatic lymphoepithelial cyst with concurrent HIV infection: A case report and review of the literature

The oral microbiome, pancreatic cancer and human diversity in the age of precision medicine

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