Deforestation and Social Resilience: A Case Study of Gunung Mas District-Central Kalimantan

Abstract

A Current condition the trend of deforestation was decreasing in Indonesia. According to Minister of Environment and Forestry statement (January 29, 2018) the rationale was happened due to that the government released policy for keeping moratorium of estate oil palm concession permission, to implement law enforcement for illegal logging actors, to launch forest restoration program and conservation in protected forest and peat swamp land, and to invite participation of local people for social forestry (Perhutanan Sosial). There is close relation that deforestation issues affect on ecological damage and social resilience and eventually affect on poverty among local community who live in and around forest and people as well. As an illustration ecological damage for instance forest fire, flood, drought, soil erosion, extinction of biodiversity and so forth due to deforestation impact. On the other hand, deforestation eventually affect on social resilience and poverty was indicated more ten percent that marginalized society (they categorized poor) below average national income, no access to land utilization and lower education still high. As registered by National Bureau Statistic (BPS) in 2018 reached 9,82 percent and 10,12 percent in 2017 (total 23,8 million) from 268 million people. From this point of view, the paper focuses on discussion three level analysis to reply deforestation that eventually affect on social resilience. Firstly, is to examine government policy toward private sectors on moratorium of oil palm estate plantation and land conflict. Secondly is shifting cultivator changed into mining activities to respond forest degradation. Thirdly is to invite participation of local people and to carry out social forestry (Perhutanan Sosial) program which aims to promote their income and social welfare and to maintain the sustainability of forest ecosystem.