Deforestation causes different subregional effects on the Amazon bioclimatic equilibrium

Pires, Gabrielle Ferreira; Costa, Marcos Heil

doi:10.1002/grl.50570

Cited by 75 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Any change in the original land use can result in significant alterations of the water balance components of a watershed. Hydrological modeling studies have demonstrated the impact of such changes on these components (Pires & Costa, 2013). Changes in the processes of evapotranspiration, soil water infiltration and runoff are the main consequences of land use changes in watersheds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of deforestation on water balance components of a watershed on the Brazilian East Coast

Pereira

Almeida

Martinez

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYThe Brazilian East coast was intensely affected by deforestation, which drastically cut back the original biome. The possible impacts of this process on water resources are still unknown. The purpose of this study was an evaluation of the impacts of deforestation on the main water balance components of the Galo creek watershed, in the State of Espírito Santo, on the East coast of Brazil. Considering the real conditions of the watershed, the SWAT model was calibrated with data from 1997 to 2000 and validated for the period between 2001 and 2003. The calibration and validation processes were evaluated by the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient and by the statistical parameters (determination coefficient, slope coefficient and F test) of the regression model adjusted for estimated and measured flow data. After calibration and validation of the model, new simulations were carried out for three different land use scenarios: a scenario in compliance with the law (C1), assuming the preservation of PPAs (permanent preservation areas); an optimistic scenario (C2), which considers the watershed to be almost entirely covered by native vegetation; and a pessimistic scenario (C3), in which the watershed would be almost entirely covered by pasture. The scenarios C1, C2 and C3 represent a soil cover of native forest of 76, 97 and 0 %, respectively. The results were compared with the simulation, considering the real scenario (C0) with 54 % forest cover. The NashSutcliffe coefficients were 0.65 and 0.70 for calibration and validation, respectively, indicating satisfactory results in the flow simulation. A mean reduction of 10 % of the native forest cover would cause a mean annual increase A costa leste brasileira passou por vasto processo de desmatamento, reduzindo drasticamente seu bioma original. Os possíveis impactos desse processo sobre os recursos hídricos ainda são desconhecidos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os impactos do desmatamento sobre os principais componentes do balanço hídrico da bacia hidrográfica do córrego do Galo, ES, localizada na costa leste do Brasil. Para as condições atuais da bacia, o modelo SWAT foi calibrado, no período entre 1997 e 2000, e validado, entre 2001 e 2003. Os processos de calibração e validação foram avaliados pelo coeficiente de Nash-Sutcliffe e pelos parâmetros estatísticos (coeficiente de determinação, coeficiente angular e teste F) da regressão ajustada entre a vazão medida e estimada. Depois do modelo calibrado e validado, novas simulações foram realizadas, considerando três cenários distintos de uso do solo: o legalmente ideal (C1), que leva em consideração a preservação em áreas de APPs; o otimista (C2), que considera a bacia em quase sua totalidade preservada por vegetação nativa; e o pessimista (C3), que considera a bacia coberta em quase sua totalidade por pastagem; o que corresponde a 76, 97 e 0 % de cobertura florestal nativa. Os resultados foram comparados com a simulação realizada com o cenário atual (C0), com 54 % da área coberta com floresta. Os valores d...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of deforestation on water balance components of a watershed on the Brazilian East Coast

Pereira

Almeida

Martinez

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…A utilização do TRMM demostra que os dados estimados são boa alternativa para localidades em que se observa baixa densidades de pluviômetros, como é o caso de grandes bacias hidrográficas em que se emprega os dados estimados pelo TRMM como entrada em modelos hidrológicos (PIRES;COSTA, 2013;PAIVA et al, 2013;BUARQUE et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estimativas De Precipitação Pluvial Derivadas Do Sensor TRMM Para a Bacia Hidrográfica Do Rio Paraopeba

Aires

Neto²,

Mello³

2016

RSA

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a precisão das estimativas de precipitação derivadas do satélite TRMM e verificar qual método de interpolação melhor ajusta os dados estimados sobre a Bacia do Rio Paraopeba, MG. Para aferição dos valores do TRMM foram utilizados dados de estações meteorológicas da rede de monitoramento do INMET. As séries utilizadas possuem duração de 11 anos (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010). Na análise de precisão entre os dados das estações terrestres e as informações orbitais foram aplicados os coeficientes de Wilmott (d), coeficiente de NashSutcliffe (E), Correlação (r), PBias e Erro Médio Absoluto (EMA). Após a análise da estatística de precisão, foram utilizados o IQD e o IPL para a espacialização dos dados. Foi obtida boa precisão entre os dados estimados e os observados, com valores de d variando de 0,93 a 0,98, e os valores de E em torno de 0,87 a 0,91. Em relação aos interpoladores, ambos apresentaram resultados semelhantes, no entanto o IPL gerou o menor erro no ajuste dos dados. (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010). For Correlation analysis between the INMET rain gauges and the orbital satellite data, it was applied the Wilmott coefficient, Nash -Sutcliffe and Correlation Coefficients, PBias and Middle Absolute Error. After analyzing the statistical accuracy, the IQD and the IPL were used for the spatial rainfall for the locations that do not have rainfall monitoring on the ground processes. Good accuracy between the estimations and observed data was obtained, with d-values ranging from 0,93 to 0,98, and E values around 0,87 to 0,91. Regarding the interpolation, both produced similar results, however IPL produced a minor errors. Palavras-Chave

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“…To explore this effect, we calculated how the Mean Annual Water Deficit (MAWD; see Methods) would change in the absence of forest-rainfall cascades. We find that the MAWD in the south-western Amazon would increase from 196 mm to 380 mm, suggesting that forest-rainfall cascades are indeed a major suppressor of forest fires in the south-western Amazon and may thus sustain a large portion of its tree cover (Pires & Costa, 2013;Zemp et al, 2017a). An issue of particular concern is the possibility that parts of the Amazon forest may undergo tipping points to a savanna state (Lenton et al, 2008;Nepstad et al, 2008;Malhi et al, 2009;Nobre & Borma, 2009;Pires & Costa, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Resilience of tropical forest and savanna: bridging theory and observation

Staal¹

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Deforestation causes different subregional effects on the Amazon bioclimatic equilibrium

Cited by 75 publications

References 19 publications

Impacts of deforestation on water balance components of a watershed on the Brazilian East Coast

Impacts of deforestation on water balance components of a watershed on the Brazilian East Coast

Estimativas De Precipitação Pluvial Derivadas Do Sensor TRMM Para a Bacia Hidrográfica Do Rio Paraopeba

Resilience of tropical forest and savanna: bridging theory and observation

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