Deixis and its role in defining rhetorical space

Abstract

The present study focuses on the way deictic references can be employed to define rhetorical space using political domain as an example. The paper departs from the analysis of the deictic items found in the 2013 victory speech pronounced by the elected president Michelle Bachelet in the Republic of Chile. Among the deictic items under scrutiny, stand out personal references (i.e., nosotros /-as (we 1 ), ellos /-as (they), Ustedes (you, plural), etc.), demonstratives and locatives, such as time and space anchors ahora (now), acá / allá (here / there), etc. These are believed to play a role in (re)configuring rhetorical spaces thereby (dis)connecting the addressees with the message of political kind. By studying the selected corpus, this paper intends to: 1) single out and categorize the occurrence of the aforementioned deictic items in Bachelet's 2013 victory speech, and 2) analyze the way in which they are disambiguated at the textual level so as to discuss how the president shapes her rhetorical space in the discourse. The results evidence a moderate presence of deictic references in the corpus, where personal pronouns Ustedes (you, plural) and nosotros (we) show a quantitative prevalence. Moreover, the disambiguation on the discourse level reveals the inclusive character of use. Finally, proximal deictic references of space and time demonstrate larger presence in the corpus than the distal ones. These findings clearly emphasize predominant choice of inclusive and proximal over exclusive and distal in Bachelet's victory speech.Key Words: Deixis, rhetorical space, political discourse, empirical methods. 330ANNA IVANOVA ResumenEste estudio se centra en la forma en que las referencias deícticas pueden emplearse para definir un espacio retórico utilizando un dominio político, en concreto, se trata del discurso político en Chile. Se realiza un análisis de los ítems deícticos encontrados en el discurso de victoria presidencial de Michelle Bachelet en el año 2013. En los ítems deícticos bajo estudio destacan referencias personales, demostrativas y locativas, tales como el tiempo y el espacio. El supuesto es que juegan un rol en la (re)configuración de los espacios retóricos, de este modo (des)conectando el destinatario con el mensaje de tipo político. Por medio del estudio del corpus seleccionado, se pretende: 1) particularizar y categorizar la ocurrencia de los ítems deícticos previamente mencionados en el discurso de Bachelet, y 2) analizar la forma en que ellos son desambiguados a nivel textual, de manera que pueda discutirse la forma en que la Presidenta modela el espacio retórico en su discurso. Los resultados evidencian una presencia moderada de referencias deícticas en el corpus, donde los pronombres personales 'ustedes' y 'nosotros' tienen una prevalencia cuantitativa en el texto. Incluso, la eliminación de la ambigüedad en el discurso revela en su uso el carácter inclusivo. Finalmente, las referencias próximas deícticas del espacio y el tiempo demuestran una amplia presencia en el corpus más que las d...

Personal Deixis Implementation in King Fahad's Speech to the International Troops During the Second Gulf War (1990/1991)

“…However, establishing that the attack was directed towards the country as a whole, including the land, people, and government makes the gathering of the troops justified and rather necessary. Similar results were obtained in Ivanova and Khalifa [11,12]. 4.…”

“…Ivanova [11] analyzed the victory speech pronounced by president Michelle Bachelet in the Republic of Chile. The paper focused on the deictic expressions used in the speech.…”

“…Departing from the aforementioned framework, the researcher attempts to analyze the speech of King Fahad to the international troops during the Second Gulf War (1990/91). Under the umbrella of CDA and following the approach adopted by Ivanova [11] and many others, the corpus of deixis will be counted and classified, their respective referents will be spotted, and only those uses with potential hidden non-referential meaning will be further analyzed for possible implied interpretations.…”

Deiksis Persona dalam Buku Ajar BIPA Sahabatku Indonesia Tingkat B2

“…Retorika adalah konteks natural dari orang, kejadian, objek, hubungan, dan urgensi yang sangat mengundang sebuah tuturan (Beasley dalam Ivanova, 2016). Retorika memberi bimbingan tentang bagaimana memanfaatkan bahasa dalam kegiatan bertutur.…”

دراسة تحلیلیة للإشارات النصیة فی الخطاب السیاسی للرئیس الأمریکی "دونالد ترامب" وفقا لنظریة فضاء الخطاب

“…Temporal deixis is "known as time deixis or time referents" (Hasanah, 2016). It refers to the time in which the events of a discourse take place and it interacts with the exact time in which the discourse is uttered by the speaker and the time in which the discourse is received by the audiences (Ivanova, 2016). Temporal deixis enables the speaker to indicate events with respect to a specific temporal point in a speech event (Cruse, 2016:179).…”