Delayed postnatal neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex of lizards

López‐García, Carlos; Molowny, A.; García-Verdugo, José-Manuel; Ferrer, Isidró

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(88)90096-x

Cited by 119 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although the residual ''sulcus'' lining the medial cortex of adult-aged lizards is almost atrophic, as deduced from the normal rate of tritiated thymidine incorporation (Lopez-Garcia et al 1988b, Lopez-Garcia et al 1988c) it can still be activated after 3AP lesion and produce thousands ←− of new neurones that regenerate the medial cortex (Molowny et al 1995).…”

Section: Regeneration Of the Medial Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the medial cortex of lizards of all ages, the sulcus septoarchicorticalis is the germinative center for the continued postnatal neurogenesis (Lopez-Garcia et al 1988b, LopezGarcia et al 1988c.…”

Section: The Lizard Neural Stem Cells and The Ependymal Sulcimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early observations on the dramatic increase in the neuronal population of the medial cortex during the life span of lizards, prompted us to study the origins of the newly generated neurones by using the available markers of cellular proliferation, i.e., tritiated thymidine and autoradiography (Lopez-Garcia et al 1988b). Short survival times after the marker injection resulted in labelling cells located in the ependyma (Fig.…”

Section: Postnatal Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lizard cerebral cortex as a model to study neuronal regeneration

López‐García

Molowny

Nácher

et al. 2002

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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The medial cerebral cortex of lizards, an area homologous to the hippocampal fascia dentata, shows delayed postnatal neurogenesis, i.e., cells in the medial cortex ependyma proliferate and give rise to immature neurons, which migrate to the cell layer. There, recruited neurons differentiate and give rise to zinc containing axons directed to the rest of cortical areas, thus resulting in a continuous growth of the medial cortex and its zincenriched axonal projection. This happens along the lizard life span, even in adult lizards, thus allowing one of their most important characteristics: neuronal regeneration. Experiments in our laboratory have shown that chemical lesion of the medial cortex (affecting up to 95% of its neurons) results in a cascade of events: first, massive neuronal death and axonal-dendritic retraction and, secondly, triggered ependymal-neuroblast proliferation and subsequent neo-histogenesis and regeneration of an almost new medial cortex, indistinguishable from a normal undamaged one. This is the only case to our knowledge of the regeneration of an amniote central nervous centre by new neuron production and neo-histogenesis. Thus the lizard cerebral cortex is a good model to study neuronal regeneration and the complex factors that regulate its neurogenetic, migratory and neo-synaptogenetic events.

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Section: Regeneration Of the Medial Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Lizard Neural Stem Cells and The Ependymal Sulcimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Postnatal Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lizard cerebral cortex as a model to study neuronal regeneration

López‐García

Molowny

Nácher

et al. 2002

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…I n many species of vertebrates, new granule neurons are added to the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation in adulthood (1)(2)(3)(4). Beginning with the work of Altman (5,6), this phenomenon of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus has been studied in most detail in rodents where the new cells have been shown to receive synaptic input (7), express several neuronal markers (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), and extend axons into the CA3 region, a normal target area of granule cells (14)(15)(16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult-generated hippocampal and neocortical neurons in macaques have a transient existence

Gould

Vail

Wagers

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

348

206

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Previously we reported that new neurons are added to the hippocampus and neocortex of adult macaque monkeys. Here we compare the production and survival of adult-generated neurons and glia in the dentate gyrus, prefrontal cortex, and inferior temporal cortex. Twelve adult macaques were injected with the thymidine analogue BrdUrd, and the phenotypes of labeled cells were examined after 2 h, 24 h, 2 wk, 5 wk, 9 wk, and 12 wk by using the following immunocytochemical markers: for immature and mature neurons, class III ␤-tubulin (TuJ1); for mature neurons, neuronal nuclei; for astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein; and for oligodendrocytes, 2 ,3 -cyclic nucleotide 3 phosphodiesterase. We found that the dentate gyrus had many more BrdUrd-labeled cells than either neocortical area. Furthermore, a greater percentage of BrdUrd-labeled cells expressed a neuronal marker in the dentate gyrus than in either neocortical area. The number of new cells in all three areas declined by 9 wk after BrdUrd labeling, suggesting that some of the new cells have a transient existence. BrdUrd-labeled cells also were found in the subventricular zone and in the white matter between the lateral ventricle and neocortex; some of the latter cells were double-labeled for BrdUrd and TuJ1. Adult neocortical neurogenesis is not restricted to primates. Five adult rats were injected with BrdUrd, and after a 3-wk survival time, there were cells double-labeled for BrdUrd and either TuJ1 or neuronal nuclei in the anterior neocortex as well as the dentate gyrus.

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“…In contrast, adult neurogenesis is observed in the olfactory bulb, dorsal telencephalon, optic tectum, cerebellum, and the brainstem in fish (Zupanc, 2006). Neurons born in adulthood have been reported in all the major subdivisions of the lacertilian telencephalon, including the olfactory bulbs (main and accessory), all of the four cortical areas (medial cortex, dorsomedial cortex, dorsal cortex, and lateral cortex), septum, anterior dorsal ventricular ridge, striatum, and nucleus sphericus (Ló pez-García et al, 1988;Pérez-Cañellas and García-Verdugo, 1996;Font et al, 1997;Pérez-Cañellas et al, 1997). The cerebellum may also be a site of adult neurogenesis in some reptiles (Ló pez-García et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%