Delivering improved alerts, warnings, and control assistance using basic safety messages transmitted between connected vehicles

Abstract

When vehicles share their status information with other vehicles or the infrastructure, driving actions can be planned better, hazards can be identified sooner, and safer responses to hazards are possible. The Safety Pilot Model Deployment (SPMD) is underway in Ann Arbor, Michigan; the purpose is to demonstrate connected technologies in a real-world environment. The core data transmitted through Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (or V2V and V2I) applications are called Basic Safety Messages (BSMs), which are transmitted typically at a frequency of 10 Hz. BSMs describe a vehicle's position (latitude, longitude, and elevation) and motion (heading, speed, and acceleration). This study proposes a data analytic methodology to extract critical information from raw BSM data available from SPMD. A total of 968,522 records of basic safety messages, gathered from 155 trips made by 49 vehicles, was analyzed. The information extracted from BSM data captured extreme driving events such as hard accelerations and braking. This information can be provided to drivers, giving them instantaneous feedback about dangers in surrounding roadway environments; it can also provide control assistance. While extracting critical information from BSMs, this study offers a fundamental understanding of instantaneous driving decisions. Longitudinal and lateral accelerations included in BSMs were specifically investigated. Varying distributions of instantaneous longitudinal and lateral accelerations are quantified. Based on the distributions, the study created a framework for generating alerts/warnings, and control assistance from extreme events, transmittable through V2V and V2I applications. Models were estimated to untangle the correlates of extreme events. The implications of the findings and applications to connected vehicles are discussed in this paper.

Platoon based cooperative driving model with consideration of realistic inter-vehicle communication

“…The issues of CDS have been extensively studied in recent years (Jia et al, 2015, Liu and Khattak, 2016, Luo et al, 2016. For example, some typical control schemes for CDS include the cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) design (Naus et al, 2010) which adopts the constant time-headway policy with the predecessor-follower information, and the sliding-mode control (Fernandes, 2012) with the leader-follower information.…”

Simulating Vehicle Movement and Multi-Hop Connectivity from Basic Safety Messages

“…One aspect of such data analysis is visualization and simulation. Allowing an analyst to see the data in a helpful and intuitive format enables the analyst to make more informed and strategic decisions [1], [2]. Our previous research has utilized BSM data for analyzing mobility patterns and developing various safety-critical applications in connected vehicle environments [3]- [12].…”

Real-Time Hardware-In-the-Loop Emulation Framework for DSRC-Based Connected Vehicle Applications

“…Each DSRC OBU mainly consists of a general-purpose processor, IEEE802.11p [11] radio front-end, a positioning module, i.e., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), in addition to a handful of interfaces for obtaining vehicle data, e.g., Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. Safety applications use the collected data from OBU interfaces in the form of BSMs [6] in order to predict a potential hazard or a near-crash scenario and subsequently alert the driver [12].…”