“…By participating in these experiences, students can gain valuable skills, real-world exposure, and a deeper understanding of the STEM field. Past research has shown that HIPs significantly contribute to students' successful attainment of STEM degrees, with lasting effects on early career outcomes, such as earnings, job satisfaction, commitment, and opportunities for continued learning and growth (Dinh & Zhang, 2021;Kuh, 2008;Peters et al, 2019;Wolniak & Engberg, 2019;Zilvinskis et al, 2023).…”