Demand side management in the distribution system with photovoltaic generation

Abstract

Original scientific paper Recently, there has been made a great effort to include electricity generation from the renewable energy sources into the power system. Random renewable generation creates the imbalance between electricity production and consumption, which requires power plants with fast response or energy storage systems. Generally accepted solution for load balancing is the concept of smart grids and one of the elements of smart grid efficiency is the ability of real-time demand-supply balancing. In this paper, the model of the part of power distribution network of the city of Osijek has been created based on results of the power measurements of total electricity consumption in a family house in Osijek, air conditioning system consumption and PV power plant production. Also, algorithm for real-time load management is proposed. It assumes coordinated control of air conditioning system units depending on the production of PV power plants and electricity consumption of distribution network, in order to reduce peak demand in the distribution network.Keywords: demand side load management; distribution system; photovoltaic generation; real-time demand-supply balancing; smart grid Upravljanje potražnjom u distribucijskom sustavu s fotonaponskim elektranamaIzvorni znanstveni članak Posljednjih godina učinjen je znatan napor na uključivanju obnovljivih izvora električne energije u elektroenergetski sustav. Nepredvidiva prozvodnja obnovljivih izvora električne energije stvara neravnotežu između proizvodnje i potrošnje, što onda zahtijeva elektrane s brzim odzivom, ili sustave skladištenja električne energije. Opće prihvaćeno rješenje za uravnoteženje potrošnje je koncept naprednih mreža, a jedan od elemenata učinkovitosti naprednih mreža je sposobnost za uravnoteženje potražnje i opskrbe u stvarnom vremenu. U ovom radu razvijen je model dijela distribucijske mreže grada Osijeka i to na temelju rezultata mjerenja ukupne potrošnje obiteljske kuće u Osijeku, potrošnje klimatizacijskog uređaja te proizvodnje fotonaponske elektrane. Također, predložen je algoritam za upravljanje potražnjom u stvarnom vremenu. Algoritam sadrži usklađeno upravljanje klimatizacijskim uređajima ovisno o proizvodnji fotonaponskih elektrana te o potrošnji u distribucijskoj mreži, a u cilju snižavanja vršne potražnje u distribucijskoj mreži.Ključne riječi: distribucijski sustav; napredne mreže; proizvodnja fotonaponske elektrane; upravljanje potražnjom; uravnoteženje potražnje i opskrbe u stvarnom vremenu

Effect of Demand Side Management on the Operation of PV-Integrated Distribution Systems

“…The technique uses the Nash equilibrium. Klaić et al [31] emphasized the positive effects of PV panels at consumer side on peak demand hours and proposed a direct load control over air conditions on a radial residential network. Monyeia et al [32] investigated the implementation of DSM in South Africa by controlling clothes washers and dryers considering 100%, 50% and 30% consumer participation.…”

Planning of Active Distribution Networks in Croatia

“…This means that even if a DSO has enough shedding power, it can be diminished at any moment. In total, demand response at the moment is not a reliable reason for network deferral, but with the introduction of AMR devices in Croatia, all the technical conditions will be satisfied in order to re-examine this option [23].…”

Simplified Model for Optimal Sizing of the Off-Grid PV System Regarding Value of Loss of Load Probability

“…Huneke et al, in [9] used linear programming for optimization of hybrid off-grid energy systems. There are many other researches related to optimization and sizing of PV systems such as [10][11][12][13][14][15] and [16]. In this paper, simplified model for optimal sizing of the off-grid PV system regarding value of loss of load probability (LOLP) is presented.…”