Demonstrating Improved Fuel Economy Using Subsystem Specific Lubricants on a Modified Diesel Engine

Plumley, Michael; Wong, Victor W.; Martins, Tomas

doi:10.1080/10402004.2016.1179823

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…As shown by 1 H NMR spectra, the aromatic ring of the toluene solvent is attached directly to the main chain of the synthesized PAO during oligomerization reaction. As reported in the previous literature, this phenomenon takes place via Friedel-Craft mechanism.…”

Section: Dft Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fuel economy performance of internal combustion engines is increasingly important to lubricant formulators, especially due to regulations aimed at reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. Due to the tightening of environmental laws and the compulsion to change the design of diesel and diesel engines to reach maximum environmental protection, high performance polyalphaolefin (PAO) oils have been widely employed [1] . In fact, more than 40 % of synthetic oil production belongs to PAOs [2,3] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the tightening of environmental laws and the compulsion to change the design of diesel and diesel engines to reach maximum environmental protection, high performance polyalphaolefin (PAO) oils have been widely employed. [1] In fact, more than 40 % of synthetic oil production belongs to PAOs. [2,3] Since the 1970s, PAOs have been developed because of their unique performance advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chain Walking in the AlCl₃ Catalyzed Cationic Polymerization of α‐Olefins

et al. 2023

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Continuing efforts aimed at performing the 1‐decene polymerization to low viscosity polyalphaolefins (PAO)s using a less hazardous AlCl3 catalyst than boron‐based analogs, the basic mechanisms of this system were revealed in this research. In this aspect, neat AlCl3 and AlCl3/toluene were carried out to perform 1‐decene polymerizations. Microstructure analyses of the as‐synthesized oils revealed low molecular weight (708 vs. 1529 g/mol), kinematic viscosity (KV100=6.4 vs. 22.2 cSt), and long chain branching (82.1 vs. 84.7) of PAO from the system containing toluene solvent. Furthermore, NMR analysis confirmed various types of short chain branch (SCB) with the inclusion of toluene ring in the structure of final PAO chains. Then, to shed light on the basic mechanisms of cationic polymerization of 1‐decene including: i) chain initiation, ii) chain transfer to the monomer, iii) isomerization of the carbocation via a chain walking mechanism (causes different SCB length), and iv) binding of toluene ring to the propagating PAO chain (to yield aromatic containing oligomers), molecular modeling at the DFT level was employed. The energies obtained confirmed the ease of carbocation isomerization and chain transfer mechanisms in toluene medium, which well confirms the highly branched structure experimentally obtained for related PAO.

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Section: Dft Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chain Walking in the AlCl₃ Catalyzed Cationic Polymerization of α‐Olefins

et al. 2023

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“…In this manner, lubricants tailored to specific engine subsystems are used. 32 It is, therefore, important to consider different lubricants for engine lubrication subsystems with a subsystem dedicated to piston ring lubrication. Since the variation of the LIF cavitation pattern that appears under the piston ring for specific oil formulations is taken into account and load capacity of the piston ring is affected due to cavitation, 33,34 the lubricant behaviour at the interface between the piston ring and the liner should be optimized for addressing the cavitation issues without compromising the load capacity of the piston ring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-induced fluorescence measurements in a single-ring test rig: Evidence of cavitation and the effect of different operating conditions and lubricants in cavitation patterns and initiation

Dellis

2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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The laser-induced fluorescence technique is based on the excitation of molecules of a fluorescent material by a light source. The main advantage of this technique is that it has the potential to quantify the lubricant film thickness throughout the cycle. Similar to all the other optical techniques, it has this major advantage compared to the electrical techniques where the oil film can be measured only under the piston rings. In this work, experimental data from a simulating single-ring test rig are presented and further parametric analysis is given regarding cavitation in lubricants that was, at first, in the case of the single-ring test rig, evident in laser-induced fluorescence measurements. Different lubricants are used for the laser-induced fluorescence experiments and the different laser-induced fluorescence signals are analysed and interpreted compared to their physical and chemical properties and, furthermore, with the aid of imaging through a glass liner, a clearer picture is given regarding the cavitation shapes together with the respective laser-induced fluorescence measurements and cavitation initiation.

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“…Therefore, continuously lower viscosity lubricants are being developed and offered on the market that promise to reduce engine friction while avoiding deleterious mixed lubrication and wear. Common hydrocarbon-based lubricants have been used and investigated in the automotive sector for many decades [3][4][5][6][7][8]. However, it appears that the even lower viscosities targeted for the near future might bring hydrocarbon-based lubricants to their limits [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction Reduction Tested for a Downsized Diesel Engine with Low-Viscosity Lubricants Including a Novel Polyalkylene Glycol

et al. 2017

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Abstract:With the increasing pressure to reduce emissions, friction reduction is always an up-to-date topic in the automotive industry. Among the various possibilities to reduce mechanical friction, the usage of a low-viscosity lubricant in the engine is one of the most effective and most economic options. Therefore, lubricants of continuously lower viscosity are being developed and offered on the market that promise to reduce engine friction while avoiding deleterious mixed lubrication and wear. In this work, a 1.6 L downsized Diesel engine is used on a highly accurate engine friction test-rig to determine the potential for friction reduction using low viscosity lubricants under realistic operating conditions including high engine loads. In particular, two hydrocarbon-based lubricants, 0W30 and 0W20, are investigated as well as a novel experimental lubricant, which is based on a polyalkylene glycol base stock. Total engine friction is measured for all three lubricants, which show a general 5% advantage for the 0W20 in comparison to the 0W30 lubricant. The polyalkylene glycol-based lubricant, however, shows strongly reduced friction losses, which are about 25% smaller than for the 0W20 lubricant. As the 0W20 and the polyalkylene glycol-based lubricant have the same HTHS-viscosity , the findings contradict the common understanding that the HTHS-viscosity is the dominant driver related to the friction losses.

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Demonstrating Improved Fuel Economy Using Subsystem Specific Lubricants on a Modified Diesel Engine

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Chain Walking in the AlCl₃ Catalyzed Cationic Polymerization of α‐Olefins

Chain Walking in the AlCl₃ Catalyzed Cationic Polymerization of α‐Olefins

Laser-induced fluorescence measurements in a single-ring test rig: Evidence of cavitation and the effect of different operating conditions and lubricants in cavitation patterns and initiation

Friction Reduction Tested for a Downsized Diesel Engine with Low-Viscosity Lubricants Including a Novel Polyalkylene Glycol

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Demonstrating Improved Fuel Economy Using Subsystem Specific Lubricants on a Modified Diesel Engine

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Chain Walking in the AlCl3 Catalyzed Cationic Polymerization of α‐Olefins

Chain Walking in the AlCl3 Catalyzed Cationic Polymerization of α‐Olefins

Laser-induced fluorescence measurements in a single-ring test rig: Evidence of cavitation and the effect of different operating conditions and lubricants in cavitation patterns and initiation

Friction Reduction Tested for a Downsized Diesel Engine with Low-Viscosity Lubricants Including a Novel Polyalkylene Glycol

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Product

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Chain Walking in the AlCl₃ Catalyzed Cationic Polymerization of α‐Olefins

Chain Walking in the AlCl₃ Catalyzed Cationic Polymerization of α‐Olefins