Denatonium – A so far unrecognized but ubiquitous water contaminant?

Lege, Sascha; Guillet, Gaëlle; Merel, Sylvain; Heras, Jorge Eduardo Yanez; Zwiener, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.056

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Currently, data on the environmental occurrence and levels of DB are rather scarce. The environmental occurrence of DB was first reported in German waters by Lege et al (2017). DB was found in all the effluent samples of 22 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, with a maximum concentration up to 341 ng‧L -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…DB was found in all the effluent samples of 22 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, with a maximum concentration up to 341 ng‧L -1 . Afterwards, it was also detected in the receiving river waters (Lege et al, 2019(Lege et al, , 2017. WWTPs were considered the major source of DB in the natural environment (Lege et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and application of diffusive gradients in thin-films for in situ sampling of the bitterest chemical – denatonium benzoate in waters

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of diffusive gradients in thin-films for in situ sampling of the bitterest chemical – denatonium benzoate in waters

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…It is clear that the sensing signal (Γ Fc /Γ Fc total ) rises proportionally with increased concentration of DB in the solution at first, which reaches a saturation at ∼30 μM. In fact, the concentration of DB used for various poisoning preventions is usually 22 μM (10 mg/L) or higher, 37,38 for which the present assay can certainly accommodate such tests. This proof-of-concept result clearly demonstrates the great potential of such a redox-active SAMbased competitive host@guest binding strategy as a simple and convenient electrochemical assay for pharmaceutical drug detection with respect to more sophisticated conventional methods relying on titrimetric, chromatographic, spectroscopic, or immune techniques.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Electrochemical Quantitation of Supramolecular Excipient@Drug Complexation: A General Assay Strategy Based on Competitive Host Binding with Surface-Immobilized Redox Guest

Lin

Wang

2019

Anal. Chem.

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The macrocyclic cucurbit [7]uril (CB[7]) host has exhibited great application potential as a pharmaceutical excipient due to its versatile abilities to modulate the chemical/physical properties of drug molecules (guests) and to control their in vivo delivery and release (upon complexation). The formation of stable CB[7]@drug complexes is the prerequisite for these promising applications; we report herein a general assay strategy to quantitate the complexation based on competitive binding with surface-immobilized redox guests in conjunction with conventional electrochemical techniques (e.g., cyclic voltammetry). Particularly, by incubating a mixture of CB [7] and a drug molecule with ferrocene (Fc)-terminated selfassembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold, the competitive host@guest binding between the CB[7]@drug complex formed in solution and the CB[7]@Fc complex formed on surface can be quantified with direct cyclic voltammetry measurements. On the basis of the known concentrations of CB[7]/drug and electrochemically determined surface densities of free/complexed Fc groups, the formation constant of CB[7]@drug complex can be determined. With several drug molecules as examples, we have demonstrated the capability of this method for quantitative studies of the formation of supramolecular excipient@drug complexes that are of interest in pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences. More importantly, this work promises a general assay strategy that allows electrochemical quantitation of a wide range of electro-inactive analytes based on the competitive supramolecular host@guest binding at redox-tagged molecular interfaces.

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“…In agreement with its usage patterns, DB was recently identi ed as a wastewater borne micropollutant in the environment, reaching concentrations up to 400 ng L − 1 in surface water [6]. However, DB is generally considered very safe, with results in animal studies showing it is neither carcinogenic, genotoxic, nor mutagenic [7]. Nonetheless, while some reports have demonstrated an association between asthmatic symptoms and exposure to DB [8], the linkage between DB and allergy susceptibility has not been formally validated previously.…”

Section: Backgruoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Denatonium Benzoate Exposure Promotes IgE-Mediated Mast Cell Degranulation and Allergy By Upregulating FcεRIα Expression

Shi

Xie

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Denatonium benzoate (DB), one of the bitterest compounds known to man, is currently added to a wide range of products and is also used for alcohol denaturation. Some reports demonstrated that asthmatic symptoms are associated with DB exposure but the possible links between DB and IgE-mediated allergy susceptibility have not been examined to date. We investigated the effects of DB on IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation in vitro and in the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse model of allergy.Methods: DB treatments were given to RBL-2H3 IgE-sensitized rat mast cell/basophil cells and KU812 human basophilic cells together with OVA-induced allergic BALB/c mice. Allergic mediator release, Ca2+ influx and OVA-specific IgE anaphylactic shock symptoms were measured along with the cell-surface expression of the α-subunit of high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI on mast cells.Results: DB increases β-hexosaminidase (β-hex) release and Ca2+ mobilization in IgE-mediated activated RBL-2H3 and KU812 cells, and enhanced the cell-surface expression of FcεRIα. DB also promoted the severity of OVA-induced anaphylactic and diarrheic symptoms which was accompanied by mucus thickness in jejunum and the levels of β-hex, histamine and OVA-specific IgE in allergy mice, as well as the levels of FcεRIα mRNA and the FcεRIα proteinin isolated mucosal mast cells. Conclusions: DB treatments can promote the IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation in vitro and OVA-induced allergic susceptibility in mice by upregulating mast-cell-surface FcεR1α expression, providing evidence for DB exposure in promoting allergy susceptibility.

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Denatonium – A so far unrecognized but ubiquitous water contaminant?

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Development and application of diffusive gradients in thin-films for in situ sampling of the bitterest chemical – denatonium benzoate in waters

Development and application of diffusive gradients in thin-films for in situ sampling of the bitterest chemical – denatonium benzoate in waters

Electrochemical Quantitation of Supramolecular Excipient@Drug Complexation: A General Assay Strategy Based on Competitive Host Binding with Surface-Immobilized Redox Guest

Denatonium Benzoate Exposure Promotes IgE-Mediated Mast Cell Degranulation and Allergy By Upregulating FcεRIα Expression

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