Denervation-induced changes in myosin heavy chain expression in the rat diaphragm muscle

Geiger, Paige C.; Bailey, Jeffrey P.; Zhan, Wen Zhi; Mantilla, Carlos B.; Sieck, Gary C.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00862.2002

Cited by 47 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Only the postnatal changes in MHC Neo protein expression were matched by changes in mRNA expression. Other studies have shown that the correlation between MHC mRNA and protein expression becomes weaker during development (2,46) and in conditions associated with rapid transformations in fiber composition (3,13,35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This isoform is usually expressed at low levels and rarely is singly expressed (15,37), and thus it is unlikely to produce a measurable impact on conclusions regarding MHC transitions during postnatal development. To document any relative change in MHC 2B mRNA expression across developmental time points, Northern blot analyses of MHC 2B mRNA were conducted, as previously described (13).…”

Section: Mhc Isoform Mrna Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Diam samples were rapidly frozen in isopentane cooled in liquid nitrogen and stored at Ϫ80°C until analyzed. Myosin protein was extracted as previously reported (13,15). Briefly, muscle segments were minced in a high-salt solution (300 mM NaCl, 100 mM NaH 2PO4, 50 mM Na2HPO4, 1 mM Na4P2O7, 10 mM EDTA, pH 6.5), and extracts were incubated at 4°C for 30 min (7).…”

Section: Mhc Isoform Protein Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A linear relationship between the brightness-area product and the myosin content across rabbit myosin samples was used to determine the myosin content in the individual rat Dia m samples. This method has been previously described and validated (13,14,16). For each Diam sample, MHC content was normalized to the tissue weight.…”

Section: Mhc Isoform Protein Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms underlying myosin heavy chain expression during development of the rat diaphragm muscle

Geiger¹,

Bailey²,

Mantilla³

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Physiology

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real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; electrophoresis; myosin heavy chain gene regulation; muscle plasticity IN THE RAT DIAPHRAGM MUSCLE (Dia m ), significant changes in myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression occur during the first 4 wk of postnatal development (22-24, 38, 39, 41). Most fibers express protein for the MHC Neo isoform at birth (P-0), but the relative expression of this isoform gradually decreases until it disappears by postnatal day 28 (P-28). In contrast, MHC 2X and MHC 2B protein isoforms are not expressed in the rat Dia m until at least the second postnatal week. Postnatal development of the rat Dia m is also characterized by changes in muscle contractile properties and by significant growth of muscle fibers, most notably those expressing MHC 2X and MHC 2B (15,22,36,38,42,43,45,47). Thus the relative MHC isoform composition changes during postnatal development of the Dia m , and ultimately it determines Dia m function. At the present time, very little is known about the underlying mechanisms regulating MHC phenotype expression.Previous studies of postnatal development, both in limb muscles and the Dia m , have focused exclusively on changes in the relative protein expression of the different MHC isoforms in the whole muscle (9, 11, 22-24, 30, 31, 33, 38, 39, 45). However, during postnatal development of the rat Dia m , MHC content (measured by MHC mass per half-sarcomere volume and fiber cross-sectional area) increases markedly (15). This increase varies across fiber types (classified based on MHC isoform expression). At single Dia m fibers, the developmental increase in MHC content is greater in fibers expressing MHC 2X and/or MHC 2B isoforms than in those expressing MHC Slow or MHC 2A . Thus, during postnatal development, not only do Dia m fibers increase in size but also they increase their MHC protein content. This substantial increase in total MHC protein expression across Dia m fiber types is not evident if only the relative expression of MHC isoform is examined.The period from birth to adulthood provides a unique and significant opportunity to examine the mechanisms underlying rapid muscle growth and phenotype transitions. In rat limb muscles, postnatal muscle phenotype is regulated by MHC gene expression either as a result from mechanical stretch induced by skeletal growth and/or increased muscle activity (18). At present, there is no direct information regarding the transcriptional regulation of MHC isoform expression during postnatal development of the rat Dia m .An increase in MHC protein of the rat Dia m during postnatal development could be due to transcriptional, translational, and/or posttranslational mechanisms, which may vary depending on fiber type (10). Assuming transcriptional rate remains constant, an increase in mRNA expression would result in increased protein expression. For example, patterns of MHC isoform-specific mRNA and protein expression are very similar during postnatal development in pigs (25). We hypothesized that postnatal transitions ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Mhc Isoform Mrna Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mhc Isoform Protein Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mhc Isoform Protein Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanisms underlying myosin heavy chain expression during development of the rat diaphragm muscle

Geiger¹,

Bailey²,

Mantilla³

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Physiology

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show abstract

“…In this manner, in vivo studies in the rat and the human have shown that exercise changes muscle fiber characteristics. From the perspective of stress, severing a nerve controlling skeletal muscle not only decreases muscle weight, but also changes muscle fiber characteristics (7,14). Studies in which muscle blood flow was regulated using devices such as a tourniquet have shown that even low-intensity training caused marked muscle hypertrophy and increased muscle force (25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stretching stimulation with different rates on the expression of MyHC mRNA in mouse cultured myoblasts

et al. 2007

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In vivo studies have shown that changes in the characteristics of skeletal muscle fiber are determined by type of exercise or training. These earlier studies on mechanical stimulation, however, have all employed stimulation applied at a constant intensity, and no studies appear to have investigated change with variation of intensity of stimulation. In this study, we investigated the characteristics and differentiation of myoblasts stretched at different rates. Myoblasts were stimulated at 3 different rates, and the numbers of cells and nuclei on days 1, 3, and 5 were compared. The myosin heavy chain (MyHC) mRNA expression level was also compared. We investigated expression of MyHC-perinatal to determine speed of differentiation of myoblasts, and expression of MyHC2b, 2d, and 2a to ascertain muscle cell characteristics. Counting cells and nuclei of myoblasts revealed clear promotion of differentiation with stretching. With rapid stretching, expression of MyHC-perinatal was high at first, but then showed a decrease. In terms of effect on muscle fiber characteristics, MyHC-2b, MyHC-2d, and MyHC-2a were high with rapid, medium, and slow stretching, respectively. This indicated that myoblast differentiation was promoted regardless of difference in stretching speed, with the myoblasts acquiring the muscle-fiber characteristics appropriate to each rate of stretching.Exercise and training are known to bring about changes in the characteristics of skeletal muscle fibers (26,27). Numerous studies of the human (2,3,4,12,13,17,20,24) have shown that skeletal muscle fiber characteristics change depending on the mode of exercise. Anaerobic exercise facilitates increases in fast-twitch muscle, while aerobic exercise facilitates increases in slow-twitch muscle. Studies using rats have reported that long-term low-intensity exercise increases slow-twitch muscle and decreases fast-twitch muscle (9,15). In this manner, in vivo studies in the rat and the human have shown that exercise changes muscle fiber characteristics. From the perspective of stress, severing a nerve controlling skeletal muscle not only decreases muscle weight, but also changes muscle fiber characteristics (7,14). Studies in which muscle blood flow was regulated using devices such as a tourniquet have shown that even low-intensity training caused marked muscle hypertrophy and increased muscle force (25). However, few in vitro studies have been conducted to support and clarify these findings. In vitro studies have attempted to ascertain the effects of exercise and training by applying different stimuli. The first study (18) removed cells from rat hindlimb and soleus muscle and applied electrical stimuli via a culture solution to measure expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms. In the second study (11), osteoblasts were compressed using glass boards to ascertain morphological and bio-

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Respiratory Muscle Plasticity

Gransee

Mantilla

Sieck

2015

Comprehensive Physiology

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Denervation-induced changes in myosin heavy chain expression in the rat diaphragm muscle

Cited by 47 publications

References 62 publications

Mechanisms underlying myosin heavy chain expression during development of the rat diaphragm muscle

Mechanisms underlying myosin heavy chain expression during development of the rat diaphragm muscle

Effects of stretching stimulation with different rates on the expression of MyHC mRNA in mouse cultured myoblasts

Respiratory Muscle Plasticity

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