Dengue Fever, Tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Conversion in a Group of Long‐Term Development Aid Workers

Visser, Jenny; Edwards, Ciaran

doi:10.1111/jtm.12072

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Dengue infection risk in long-term travelers (more than 6 months) and business expatriates (those who reside in another country for occupational purposes, and will return to their country of origin after their assignment is completed) has been associated with increased duration of assignments and local epidemiology of dengue in the destination. 40 , 41 As long-term travelers to dengue endemic areas with potential occurrence of outbreaks during their assignment of > 2 years, PCVs will continue to be at increased risk for dengue and other arboviral diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DENV infection risk is determined by multiple factors, including socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental factors. There is limited information available regarding the association between the nature of the work in volunteers and other aid workers and an increased risk of DENV infection, 40 but some studies have found an increased risk of dengue with specific activities that might increase the risk for mosquito bites, like playing outdoors sports. 42 Our investigation did not find any differences in DENV infection by type of work (education versus community economic development), work conditions (indoors versus outdoors), or mosquito avoidance behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dengue Virus Infections among Peace Corps Volunteers in Timor-Leste, 2018–2019

Sánchez-González

Venuto

Poe

et al. 2021

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract.Dengue is an ongoing health risk for Peace Corps Volunteers (PCVs) working in the tropics. On May 2019, the Peace Corps Office of Health Services notified the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of a dengue outbreak among PCVs in Timor-Leste. The purpose of this investigation was to identify the clinical, demographic, and epidemiological characteristics of PCVs with dengue and recommend dengue preventive measures. To identify PCVs with dengue and describe disease severity, the medical records of PCVs reporting fever during September 2018–June 2019 were reviewed. To identify factors associated with dengue virus (DENV) infection, we administered a questionnaire on demographics, travel history, and mosquito avoidance behaviors and collected blood specimens to detect the anti-DENV IgM antibody to diagnose recent infection. Of 35 PCVs in-country, 11 (31%) tested positive for dengue (NS1, IgM, PCR), eight requiring hospitalization and medical evacuation. Among 27 (77%) PCVs who participated in the investigation, all reported having been recently bitten by mosquitoes and 56% reported being bitten most often at home; only 16 (59%) reported having screens on bedroom windows. Nearly all (93%) PCVs reported using a bed net every night; fewer (70%) reported using mosquito repellent at least once a day. No behaviors were significantly associated with DENV infection. Raising awareness of dengue risk among PCVs and continuing to encourage mosquito avoidance behavior to prevent dengue is critical. Access to and use of measures to avoid mosquito bites should be improved or implemented. Peace Corps medical officers should continue to receive an annual refresher training on dengue clinical management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue Virus Infections among Peace Corps Volunteers in Timor-Leste, 2018–2019

Sánchez-González

Venuto

Poe

et al. 2021

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…In an Israeli survey of long-term travelers (mean duration of stay, 5.3 months), the ratio of dengue fever seroconversion was 6.7 % [ 7 ]. A New Zealand survey of long-term development aid workers in Southeast Asia (mean duration of stay, 22 months) reported a dengue fever seroconversion rate of 15.1 % [ 8 ]. Although we were unable to obtain the incidence rate in our present study because the size of the population was unknown, the results of this study and others indicate that dengue fever is an infectious disease that affects expatriates in endemic areas at a high frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective survey of dengue fever among Japanese individuals staying in Manila, Philippines

et al. 2016

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Dengue fever is a serious concern for Japanese people staying in Southeast Asia. In order to implement necessary prophylactic measures for dengue fever in this population, we investigated the characteristics of dengue fever among Japanese nationals living in Manila, Philippines. From 2012 to 2015, 175 Japanese expatriates were diagnosed with dengue fever at the medical clinic of the Japanese Association Manila, Inc. Most of the patients were employees of Japanese companies and their families and were long-term residents of Manila. Most patients were either <10 years or in their 30s to 40s. Two patients (1.1 %) were diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic fever. No deaths due to dengue fever were reported. The reported number of patients with dengue fever has shown a decreasing trend: from 55 cases in 2012 to 53 in 2013, 31 in 2014, and 36 in 2015. The results of this survey could be useful for the development of effective dengue fever preventive measures such as health education and provision of information among not only Japanese but also other foreigners residing in endemic areas.

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“…19 In a study examining the tuberculin conversion rate in a group of long-term aid workers from New Zealand, the TB conversion rate was 1.4 per 1000 person-months. 20 Despite this rate of newly infected persons, active TB cases are very rare. 4 The average conversion rate varies among different regions and countries (Tables 35.2…”

Section: Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%