Densities and Viscosities for the Ternary Mixture of n-Undecane (1) + Methyl Decanoate (2) + n-Butanol (3) and Corresponding Binaries from T = 293.15 to 333.15 K and at Atmospheric Pressure

Abstract

It has been proved that the general performance of aviation fuels can be improved with the addition of biofuels. To understand the fundamental physical properties of the blends, n-undecane, methyl decanoate, and n-butanol were chosen as model compounds to construct a mixed system. Densities (ρ) and viscosities (η) of the ternary system n-undecane + methyl decanoate + n-butanol and its corresponding binary systems n-undecane + methyl decanoate, n-undecane + n-butanol, and methyl decanoate + n-butanol were measured at different temperatures T = (293.15–333.15 K) and atmospheric pressure p = 0.1 MPa. The excess molar volumes (V m E) and the viscosity deviations (Δη) of the binary systems and the ternary system were correlated to the Redlich–Kister equation and four semi-empirical equations, respectively. The V m E values of the ternary system and binary systems are all positive over the entire concentration range at each experimental temperature, while their Δη values are all negative. The experimental results can provide reliable data for the compatibility of biofuels and fossil fuels.

Densities and Viscosities for the Ternary Mixtures of n-Undecane (1) + Butylcyclohexane (2) + 1-Pentanol (3) and Corresponding Binaries at T = (293.15 to 333.15) K

“… a Standard uncertainties u are u ( p ) = 0.5 kPa, u ( T ) = 0.01 K, u e (ρ) = 0.00049 g·cm –3 , u e (η) = 0.063 mPa·s. b Ref . c Ref . d Ref . e Ref . f Ref . g Ref . h Ref . i Ref . j Ref . k Ref . l Ref . m Ref . n Ref . o Ref . …”

Densities and Viscosities of the Ternary Mixtures of Decalin (1) + n-Hexadecane (2) + 1-Butanol (3) and Corresponding Binary Systems

“… a Standard uncertainties u ( p ) = 0.5 kPa, u ( T ) = 0.01 K, u e (ρ) = 0.0004 g·cm –3 , and u r (η) = 0.01. b Reference . c Reference . d Reference . e Reference . f Reference . g Reference . h Reference . i Reference . j Reference . k Reference . l Reference . m Reference . n Reference . o Reference . p Reference . q Reference . r Reference . s Reference . t Reference . u Reference . v Reference . w Reference . x Reference . y Reference . z Reference . …”

Optimization of the Pd-Catalyzed Alkylation of the Fermentation-Derived Oxygenates Acetone and Butanol toward Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Intermediates

“…The resulting alkanes to be obtained from these ketones after HDO, with carbon numbers ranging from C7 to C19, fall in the range of typical paraffins found in current commercial jet fuel mixtures (C8–C16). − The C11 linear alkane, n -undecane (from the HDO of 6-undecanone), is abundantly present in the paraffin fraction of both traditional and alternative jet fuel blends. , Alkanes such as those potentially obtained by the alkylation of acetone with butanol can make up to more than half of a common jet fuel mixture. While they possess desirable fuel qualities such as high energy densities and clean combustion performances, these compounds do not fulfill other common jet fuel requirements, rendering blending with other hydrocarbon fractions (aromatics and cycloalkanes) necessary to ensure an overall performance that is suited for their use in aviation …”