Density and population structure of the natural 
regeneration of Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) 
in the High Ebro Basin (Northern Spain)

González‐Martínez, Santiago C.; Bravo, Felipe

doi:10.1051/forest:2001126

Cited by 52 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…On poor sites in the north, a residual stand may result in a high level of root competition, and inhibit seedling establishment and the initial development of pine seedlings (see Aaltonen 1919). The negative effect of a hardwood residual on the natural regeneration success of Scots pine has also been reported in some other studies (Gonzáles-Martínez 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Establishment and height development of harvested and naturally regenerated Scots pine near the timberline in North-East Finnish Lapland

Hallikainen

Hyppönen²,

Hyvönen³

et al. 2007

Silva Fenn.

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Researchers and professionals in practical forestry have faced problems concerning the regeneration success of Scots pine in natural regeneration near the timberline in North-East Lapland. The aim of the study was to analyze the seedling establishment and seedling height development of Scots pine in seed-tree stands in the area. The average number of living pine seedlings in the study stands was about 1000 ha -1 , but there was considerable variation between the stands. The seedling density was modelled using a multinomial logistic regression with a random factor. Forest site type and the time since seed-tree cutting were the most significant explanatory variables in the model. The probability of reaching the acceptable seedling density was higher on dry site types than on the more fertile ones. The probability increased with the time elapsed since the regeneration activities. Effective temperature sum and the number of intermediate pines also positively affected the probability, but the presence of residual trees negatively. On northern and eastern slopes the probability was lower than on southern and western ones. Seedling height was modelled using a linear mixed model. The age of a dominant seedling was the most positively effective explanatory variable in the height development model. Other positively affecting significant predictors were time since seed-tree cutting, number of intermediate birches, and distance between a seedling and the nearest seed tree. Degree of paludification had a negative effect. The study suggests that the regeneration of Scots pine in North-East Lapland is a relatively slow process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Establishment and height development of harvested and naturally regenerated Scots pine near the timberline in North-East Finnish Lapland

Hallikainen

Hyppönen²,

Hyvönen³

et al. 2007

Silva Fenn.

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“…This method has been used previously in Mediterranean areas (González-Martínez and Bravo 2001;Rodríguez-García et al 2007). Circular plots with a 2.5 m radius were established in the grid intersections and then divided into four quadrants (Fig.1).…”

Section: Sampling and Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

2010

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Background:Research on natural regeneration is crucial for the development of sustainable forestry practices, in light of the global climate changes taking place. In this study one hundred and fifty-one plots were sampled in six Pinus pinaster stands that were naturally regenerated by the seed-tree method in Mediterranean forests in central Spain. Objective:The objectives of the survey were to study the suitability of different forest stands designated for natural regeneration as well as to analyse seedling establishment and the relationship between regeneration and different site factors. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis with canonical ordination techniques were employed. Full and partial redundancy analyses (RDAs) on a correlation matrix were used to carry out a direct gradient analysis of regeneration density as a function of site factors.Results: Nearly all stands presented seedling densities over 2000 seedlings/ha and were thus found to be suitable for natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster by the seed-tree selection method. Significant variables that best explained total seedling and viable seedling density were spring and autumn precipitation of the year prior to establishment, spring and summer precipitation of the year of establishment, and percentage cover of litter. There were no signs of competition between shrubs and seedlings, but a negative significant correlation with grass cover was observed. Pinus pinaster natural regeneration was successful with the seed-tree method, although it appeared to be highly dependent on climate and stand conditions.

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“…Although technically possible, it was not reasonable to optimise the intervals and post-cutting basal area of the regenerative cuts because the exact relationship between cutting parameters and regeneration result was unknown. Further studies on the density and population structure of natural regeneration such as the one presented by González-Martínez and Bravo [10] are needed to treat the regenerative cuttings as decision variables in the optimisation process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The net present value (NPV) of all the management operations in a rotation, discounted to the beginning of the rotation, is: (10) where N is the net income from a management operation, i is the discounting rate, t is the year of the operation and R is the rotation age. The NPV of an infinite series of future harvests is referred to as the soil expectation value (SEV) and can be computed from:…”

Section: Objective Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimising the management of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in Spain based on individual-tree models

Palahí

Pukkala

2003

Ann. For. Sci.

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-The article describes a simulation-optimisation system, SPINE, for the management of Pinus sylvestris L. stands in Spain. The simulation sub-system is based on an individual-tree diameter growth model, a static individual-tree height model, and models for the selfthinning limit and the probability of a tree to survive for the coming 5-year period. The simulation sub-system was combined with the optimisation algorithm developed by Hooke and Jeeves. The combined simulation-optimisation system is able to find the optimal timing and intensity of thinnings and the optimal time to commence regenerative cuts. The set of regenerative cuts consisted of a preparatory cut, a seed cut 10 years later and a final cut 20 years after the preparatory cut. The decision variables were thinning times, expressed as years since stand establishment or previous thinning, and the remaining stand basal area after each thinning. The system was used to find optimal management schedules of Pinus sylvestris stands on site indices 17, 24 and 30 m (dominant height at 100 years). When soil expectation value with 2% discounting rate was maximised, the optimum management schedule included five thinnings on all site indices. The optimal rotations from stand establishment to the final cut were 119, 90 and 94 years, respectively, on site indices 17, 24, 30 m. On all sites, the optimal management schedules were sensitive to the discounting rate, management objective (soil expectation value, forest rent or mean annual harvest) and fixed harvesting costs. Changes of up to 30 percent from the optimal value in a single decision variable did not affect much the soil expectation value. simulation / management schedule / forest management Résumé -Optimisation de l'aménagement des peuplements de pin sylvestre en Espagne basée sur des modèles simulant la croissance individuelle des arbres. L'article décrit un système de simulation et optimisation, SPINE, pour la sylviculture des peuplements de pin sylvestre en Espagne. Le sous-système de simulation est basé sur un modèle de croissance en diamètre et un modèle statique de centrés-individu, et des modèles pour la limite d'éclaircie naturelle et la probabilité de survie pendant la période des 5 années suivantes. Le sous-système de simulation était combiné avec l'algorithme d'optimisation développé par Hooke et Jeeves. La combinaison des systèmes simulation-optimisation est capable de trouver le rythme et l'intensité optimale des éclaircies ainsi que le temps optimal pour commencer les coupes de régéneration. Les coupes de régéneration consistaient en une coupe préparatoire, une coupe d'ensemencement 10 ans plus tard et une coupe finale 20 ans après la coupe préparatoire. Les variables de décision étaient des périodes d'éclaircies, exprimées comme années après l'etablissement du peuplement ou années après l'éclaircie précédente, et la surface terrière du peuplement résiduel après chaque éclaircie. Le système était utilisé pour trouver des scénarios sylvicoles optimaux pour les peuplements de pin sylvest...

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Density and population structure of the natural regeneration of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the High Ebro Basin (Northern Spain)

Cited by 52 publications

References 27 publications

Establishment and height development of harvested and naturally regenerated Scots pine near the timberline in North-East Finnish Lapland

Establishment and height development of harvested and naturally regenerated Scots pine near the timberline in North-East Finnish Lapland

Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

Optimising the management of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in Spain based on individual-tree models

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