Density graded polymer composite foams

Tan, Xuemei; Rodrigue, Denis

doi:10.1177/02624893221143507

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…In particular, polysulfone (PSF) membranes have recently been popular due to the advances in environmental applications of water treatment, gas separation, and pervaporation. It may be applied to blood oxygenation as well as other different areas such as separators for lithium‐ion batteries and plasma separators 18 . It is a thermoplastic polymer with strong mechanical qualities, exceptional thermal properties, and stability in oxidizing conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and comparative evaluation of polysulfone and polypropylene hollow fiber membranes for blood oxygenators

Teber,

Altinay,

Naziri Mehrabani

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Blood oxygenators are used to saturate oxygen levels and remove carbon dioxide from the body during cardiopulmonary bypass. Although the natural lung is hydrophilic, commercially used oxygenator materials are hydrophobic. Surface hydrophobicity weakens blood compatibility, as long‐term contact with the blood environment may lead to different degrees of blood activity. Polysulfone may be considered an alternative hydrophilic material in the design of oxygenators. Therefore, it may be directed toward developing hydrophilic membranes. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of achieving blood gas transfer with a polysulfone‐based microporous hollow fiber membrane and compare it with the commercially available polypropylene membranes. Structural differences in the membrane morphology, surface hydrophilicity, tortuosity, mass transfer rate, and material properties under different operation conditions of temperature and flow rates are reported. The polysulfone membrane has a water contact angle of 81.3°, whereas a commercial polypropylene membrane is 94.5°. The mass transfer resistances (s/m) for the polysulfone and polypropylene membranes are calculated to be 4.8 × 104 and 1.5 × 104 at 25°C, respectively. The module made of polysulfone was placed in the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit in parallel with the commercial oxygenator, and pH, pO2, pCO2 levels, and metabolic activity were measured in blood samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and comparative evaluation of polysulfone and polypropylene hollow fiber membranes for blood oxygenators

Teber,

Altinay,

Naziri Mehrabani

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The quasi-static and dynamic behaviors of density-graded polymeric foams have been vigorously investigated and previously reported. , In addition, several analytical and numerical modeling schemas have been proposed to optimize the gradation strategy in favor of enhanced energy absorption capabilities. , Several recent hybrid experimental and analytical investigations focused on expanded polystyrene and rigid polyurethane foams, given their ubiquity in practical applications, including liners of protective sports helmets and cushioning protection of electronic packages. , For example, Li et al. proposed a constitutive model to describe the compressive stress–strain behavior of expanded polystyrene foam based on the model by Schraad and Harlow .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-Static Mechanical Response of Density-Graded Polyurea Elastomeric Foams

Smeets

Koohbor

Youssef

2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Density gradation of foam structures has been investigated and found to be a practical approach to improve the mechanical efficacy of protective padding in several applications based on nature-based evidence of effectiveness. This research aims to disclose a discrete gradation approach without adhesives by relying on the properties of the frothed foam slurry to bond and penetrate through previously cured foam sheets naturally. As confirmed by electron microscopy observations, bilayer-and trilayergraded elastomeric polyurea foam sheets were fabricated, resulting in seamless interfaces. The mechanical performance of seamless, graded foam samples was compared with monolayer, mono-density benchmark foam, considered the industry standard for impact mitigation. All foam samples were submitted to compressive loading at a quasi-static rate, reporting key performance indicators (KPIs) such as specific energy absorption, efficiency, and ideality. Polyurea foams, irrespective of gradation and interface type, outperformed benchmark foam in several KPIs despite the drastic difference in the effective or average density. The average compressive stress−strain curves were fitted into empirical constitutive models to reveal critical insights into the elastic, plateau, and densification behaviors of the tested foam configuration. The novelty of these outcomes includes (1) a fabrication approach to adhesive-free density-graded foam structures, (2) implementation of a diverse set of KPIs to assess the mechanical efficacy of foams, and (3) elucidation of the superiority of polyurea foam-based lightweight protective paddings. Future research will focus on assessing the dynamic performance of these graded foam structures under impact loading conditions at a wide range of velocities.

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Nanofillers tailored polymers and enhanced synergistic properties for engineering applications: A review

Gebretsadik,

Ali

2024

J Polym Res

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Density graded polymer composite foams

Cited by 5 publications

References 88 publications

Characterization and comparative evaluation of polysulfone and polypropylene hollow fiber membranes for blood oxygenators

Characterization and comparative evaluation of polysulfone and polypropylene hollow fiber membranes for blood oxygenators

Quasi-Static Mechanical Response of Density-Graded Polyurea Elastomeric Foams

Nanofillers tailored polymers and enhanced synergistic properties for engineering applications: A review

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