Depression among Peruvian adults with hypertension and diabetes: Analysis of a national survey

Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Soriano-Moreno, Anderson N.; Rodrigo-Gallardo, Paola K.; Moncada–Mapelli, Enrique; Pacheco‐Mendoza, Josmel; Toro-Huamanchumo, Carlos J.

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.02.001

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Among rural residents, marital status, having health insurance and current drinking had a significant role in prehypertension and hypertension prevalence. Mental disorders' effect on hypertension is a well-known fact [22], and these disorders often affect subjects in rural areas [33]. Promotion of a healthy and unstressful life by marital status may be an explanation for its protective role in hypertension [34], and the higher prevalence of married couples in the rural setting could support our results [35].…”

Section: Interaction With the Area Of Residencesupporting

confidence: 73%

“…It partially explain the rise of hypertension incidence in women since menopause is a risk factor. It is also important to mention that hypertensive Peruvian men could be more exposed to harmful lifestyles that could trigger high blood pressure, such as depression status [22] and alcohol consumption [23].…”

Section: Factors That Increased the Prevalence Of Hypertension And Prehypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic determinants of hypertension and prehypertension in Peru: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey

et al. 2021

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Background Peru is a Latin American country with a significant burden of hypertension that presents worrying rates of disparities in socioeconomic determinants. However, there is a lack of studies exploring the association between those determinants, hypertension and prehypertension in Peruvian population. Objective We aimed to assess the association betwgeen socioeconomic determinants, hypertension and prehypertension using a nationally representative survey of Peruvians. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey (2018), which is a two-staged regional-level representative survey. We used data from 33,336 people aged 15 and older. The dependent variable was blood pressure classification (normal, prehypertension and hypertension) following the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC-7) on hypertension management. Independent variables were socioeconomic: age, sex, marital status, wealth index, health insurance, education, region and area of residence. Due to the nature of the dependent variable (more than two categories), we opted to use the multinomial regression model, adjusting the effect of the multistage sample using the svy command. We tested interactions with the adjusted Wald test. Results The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 33.68% and 19.77%, respectively. Awareness was higher in urban than in rural areas (9.61% vs. 8.31%, p = 0.008). Factors associated with a higher prevalence ratio of both prehypertension and hypertension were age (ratios rose with each age group), male sex (prehypertension aRPR 5.15, 95%CI 4.63–5.73; hypertension aRPR 3.85, 95% CI 3.37–4.40) and abdominal obesity (prehypertension aRPR 2.11, 95%CI 1.92–2.31; hypertension aRPR 3.04, 95% CI 2.69–3.43). Factors with a lower prevalence ratio of both diseases were secondary education (prehypertension aRPR 0.76, 95%CI 0.60–0.95; hypertension aRPR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58–0.97), higher education (prehypertension aRPR 0.78, 95%CI 0.61–0.99; hypertension aRPR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46–0.82), being married/cohabiting (prehypertension aRPR 0.87, 95%CI 0.79–0.95; hypertension aRPR 0.77, 95% CI 0.68–0.87), richest wealth index (only prehypertension aRPR 0.76, 95%CI 0.63–0.92) and living in cities different to Lima (rest of the Coastline, Highlands and Jungle). Having health insurance (only hypertension aRPR 1.26, 95%CI 1.03–1.53) and current drinking (only prehypertension aRPR 1.15, 95%CI 1.01–1.32) became significant factors in rural areas. Conclusions We evidenced socioeconomic disparities among people with hypertension and prehypertension. Better health policies on reducing the burden of risk factors are needed, besides, policy decision makers should focus on hypertension preventive strategies in Peru.

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Section: Interaction With the Area Of Residencesupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Factors That Increased the Prevalence Of Hypertension And Prehypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic determinants of hypertension and prehypertension in Peru: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey

et al. 2021

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“…Several studies have indicated that clinical interventions should primarily focus on depressive in patients with HTA 4,6 . Patients diagnose with HTA normally experience negative emotions due to the fact that they have to consume the drugs prescribed for treatment for the rest of their lives or for a very long period, these emotions are more powerful in situations where their condition is severe, and may generate feelings of loss of control or fear of failure, thus making it more likely that those with HTA condition can develop some emotional disturbances 7 . These emotions are also related to the economic expenses involved in treatment (especially in low and middle-income countries) and the decrease in social interaction with friends or family 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The network structure of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian adults with arterial hypertension

2021

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Background: Global arterial hypertension (HTA) has increased by 90% over the last four decades, and has increased by 1.6% in Peru over the previous four years. This study involved a network analysis of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian patients with HTA using network estimation. Method: A representative cross-sectional study at the national level, using secondary data from 2019 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) was performed. The sample used included men and women of age over 17 years diagnosed with HTA and were able to respond to Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: The symptoms of depressive mood (bridging force and centrality) and energy fatigue or loss (bridge centrality) play an essential role in the network structure, as does the feeling of uselessness in terms of closeness and intermediation. Conclusion: The study highlighted the symptoms related to depressive mood and energy fatigue or loss as bridging symptoms, which could trigger a depressive episode in patients diagnosed with HTA.

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“…The incidence of hypertension complicated with depression is increasing year by year (16). Hypertension and depression affect each other and are inseparable (17). However, the pathogenesis of hypertension complicated with depression is not clear at this stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship and effect of miR-1-3p expression and BDNF level in patients with primary hypertension complicated with depression

Ding

JIANG

Yang

2022

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)

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This experiment was designed to explore the relationship and effect of miR-1-3p expression and BDNF level in patients with primary hypertension complicated with depression. The subjects of the study were 145 patients with hypertension with a small fluctuation range of blood pressure in recent three months. Within 48 hours after admission, patients were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD). After fasting for 12 hours, enrolled subjects were subject to blood collection (5 ml) in the morning for detecting blood lipid levels, miR-1-3p expression and BDNF by using an automatic biochemical analyzer, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results showed that compared with the normal control group, while miR-1-3p expression increased obviously in patients with hypertension, while the level of BDNF decreased significantly; and compared with patients with simple hypertension, the expression of miR-1-3p in hypertension patients with depression was significantly increased, while BDNF level was decreased evidently (All P < 0.05). miR-1-3p expression in patients with hypertension complicated with depression was negatively correlated with serum BDNF level (r=-0.302, P < 0.05). In relative to the normal control population, the area under the curve (AUC) of ROC produced by serum miR-1-3p and BDNF in patients with primary hypertension complicated with depression was 0.971 (95% CI = 0.945-0.998, P < 0.0001) and 0.875 (95% CI = 0.808-0.942, P < 0.0001); and in relative to primary hypertension patients without depression, the AUC of ROC produced by serum miR-1-3p and BDNF in patients with primary hypertension with depression was 0.957 (95% CI = 0.925-0.989, P < 0.0001) and 0.883 (95% CI = 0.821-0.944, P < 0.0001), respectively. HADS-D score, HAMD score, course of the disease, miR-1-3p expression and BDNF level showed statistical differences in primary hypertension patients with and without depression (All P < 0.05). It was concluded that there are high miR-1-3p expression and low serum BDNF levels in patients with primary hypertension complicated with depression. miR-1-3p has a negative correlation with BDNF, and it may play a role by negatively regulating the expression of BDNF. Detecting miR-1-3p and BDNF in patients with primary hypertension can indicate the occurrence of depression to some extent.

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Depression among Peruvian adults with hypertension and diabetes: Analysis of a national survey

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Socioeconomic determinants of hypertension and prehypertension in Peru: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey

Socioeconomic determinants of hypertension and prehypertension in Peru: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey

The network structure of depressive symptomatology in Peruvian adults with arterial hypertension

Relationship and effect of miR-1-3p expression and BDNF level in patients with primary hypertension complicated with depression

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