“…The prevalence of depression was reported to be very high in persons with heart failure in prior research (Dimos et al, 2009.;Ege, Yilmaz, & Yilmaz, 2012). According to Kroenke, Spitzer, and Williams (2001), scores of 5, 10, 15, and 20 on the PHQ-9 represent mild, moderate, moderate to severe, and severe levels of depression, respectively.…”