Depression, Delinquency and Peer Problems Among Children and Adolescents Affected by HIV/AIDS in Ghana: The Mediating Role of Child Labour

Doku, Paul Narh

doi:10.4172/2167-1044.1000221

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…3 ). Seven studies (12.9%) employed 2 SDQ versions [ 29 , 32 , 40 , 42 , 43 , 47 , 65 ]. Thirty-one studies (57.4%) used only one version of the SDQ, of which 22 used the SDQ-S [ 26 , 30 , 34 , 35 , 37 – 39 , 41 , 45 , 46 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 58 , 60 , 62 , 64 , 69 – 71 , 75 , 78 ], four the SDQ-T [ 25 , 27 , 36 , 59 ] and five the SDQ-P [ 33 , 48 , 61 , 67 , 68 ] (see Table 2 for summary of results by SDQ versions).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Africa: a scoping review of its application and validation

Hoosen

Davids

Vries

et al. 2018

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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BackgroundChild and adolescent mental health in Africa remains largely neglected. Quick and cost-effective ways for early detection may aid early intervention. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is globally used to screen for mental health problems, but little is known about its use in Africa. We set out to perform a scoping review to examine existing studies that have used the SDQ in Africa.MethodsA comprehensive scoping review methodology was used to identify all peer-reviewed studies ever published that have used the SDQ in Africa. Data were extracted and analysed to assess the countries, languages and SDQ versions used, the purpose of the SDQ studies, psychometric properties of the SDQ, and to consider knowledge gaps for future in-country and cross-country studies.ResultsFifty-four studies from 12 African countries were identified, most from South Africa. Many different languages were used, but authorized SDQs in those languages were not always available on the SDQinfo website. Authors frequently commented on challenges in the translation and backtranslation of mental health terminology in African languages. The SDQ was typically used to investigate internalisation/externalization disorders in different clinical populations, and was most frequently used in the evaluation of children and adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS. Sixteen studies (29.6%) administered the SDQ to participants outside the intended age range, only 4 (7.4%) used triangulation of all versions to generate assessments, and eight studies (14.8%) used only subscales of the SDQ. Only one study conducted thorough psychometric validation of the SDQ, including examination of internal consistency and factor analysis. Where ‘caseness’ was defined in studies, UK cut-off scores were used in all but one of the studies.ConclusionsThe SDQ may be a very useful tool in an African setting, but the scoping review suggested that, where it was used in Africa researchers did not always follow instrument guidelines, and highlighted that very little is known about the psychometric properties of the SDQ in Africa. We recommend comprehensive evaluation of the psychometric properties of the SDQ in various African languages, including internal consistency, factor structure, need for local cut-off values and ensuring cultural equivalence of the instrument.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Africa: a scoping review of its application and validation

Hoosen

Davids

Vries

et al. 2018

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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“…A sum variable of psychological distress was constructed by summing the four symptom subscales, excluding prosocial behaviour, with Cronbach's alpha of .70. The SDQ scale is validated in the Ghanaian context ( Asante et al., 2015 ; Doku, 2016 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How stressful life events and violence are related to mental health: the protective role of social relations in African context

Nyarko

Peltonen

Kangaslampi

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Adolescents are universally expected to be at risk for heightened stress and violence, and subsequently to mental health problems. Good social relationships may protect their mental health, but research has mainly focused on singular relations, such as peer popularity or general social support. The current study analyses the buffering role of multiple relationships in an African context. First, how stressful life-events and violent experiences are associated to mental health, and, second, whether good social relationships with parents, siblings and peers can buffer mental health from stress and violence. The participants were 415 Ghanaian students (aged 14–17 years, M = 16.51; 71% girls). They indicated mental health by depressive symptoms and psychological distress and reported the quality of parental (support and control), sibling (warmth and rivalry) and peer relationships, and exposure to stressful life-events and violence. Hierarchical linear regression models with main and interaction effects were used to analyze the data. Only stressful life-events, but not violence, were associated with higher levels of depressive and psychological distress symptoms. Positive sibling relationships played a buffering mental health role, as stressful life-events were not related with increased depressive symptoms among adolescents enjoying warm and intimate siblingships. No protective function was found for parental or peer relationships, although good maternal and peer relationships were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms in general.

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“…In the absence of any psychosocial or pharmacologic intervention to prevent or treat mental disorders, benign mental health problems among young people in Ghana and Nigeria have been shown to degenerate into grave and costly conditions, as well as social problems such as school failure, delinquency, and substance misuse (Igwe et al, 2009;Nwagu, 2016;Oppong et al, 2014;Warner & White, 2003). Poor mental health has also been associated with teenage pregnancy, HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, interpersonal violence, child abuse, motor vehicle crashes, crime, homicide, and suicide (Doku, 2016;Doran et al, 2012;Nwagu, 2016). In addition, mental disorders are known to perpetuate a negative cycle of poverty, social exclusion, and reduced productivity, impacting the victim's family and the broader community (Lund et al, 2010(Lund et al, , 2011.…”

Section: Impacts Of Mental and Substance Use Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, these children may develop neuropsychological dysfunction, including dementia, depression, and other disorders, which go largely untreated and lead to increased morbidity (Doku, 2016). While risk factors for mental problems in infancy and early childhood have not been widely studied, this period is the time for maximum brain growth and of formation of emotional regulatory patterns that affect later mental health outcomes (Klitzing, Döhnert, Kroll, & Grube, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

West African Youth Challenges and Opportunity Pathways

2020

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This book series spotlights the experiences of Africans on the continent and in its multiple and multilayered diasporas. Its objective is to make available publications that focus on people of African descent wherever they are located, ratgeting innovative research that derives questions, concepts, and theories from historical and contemporary experiences. The broad scope of the series includes gender scholarship as well as studies that engage with culture in all its complexities. From a variety of disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary orientations, these studies engage current debates, address urgent questions, and open up new perspectives in African knowledge production.

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Depression, Delinquency and Peer Problems Among Children and Adolescents Affected by HIV/AIDS in Ghana: The Mediating Role of Child Labour

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Africa: a scoping review of its application and validation

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Africa: a scoping review of its application and validation

How stressful life events and violence are related to mental health: the protective role of social relations in African context

West African Youth Challenges and Opportunity Pathways

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