Der Einfluß der Fauna auf die Stoffverlagerung sowie die Homogenität und die Durchlässigkeit von Böden

Graff, Otto; Makeschin, Franz

doi:10.1002/jpln.19791420318

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This may be compared with Darwin' s [1881] estimates for an English soil of an annual rate of transport of 5 mm of earthworm casts to the soil surface during a period of 10 to 20 years following a distinct reduction in land use intensity. Graff and Makeschin [1979] [Abaturov, 1968;Voronov, 1968; quoted by Graff and Makeschin, 1979]. For a clay soil, Nemec [ 1976] reported that the apparent hydraulic conductivity continued to increase for several years following the laying of pipe drainage.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Macroporositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Macropores and water flow in soils

Beven¹,

Germann²

1982

Water Resources Research

2,295

1,283

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This paper reviews the importance of large continuous openings (macropores) on water flow in soils. The presence of macropores may lead to spatial concentrations of water flow through unsaturated soil that will not be described well by a Darcy approach to flow through porous media. This has important implications for the rapid movement ot:• solutes and pollutants through soils. Difficulties in defining what constitutes a macropore and the limitations of current nomenclature are reviewed. The influence of macropores on infiltration and subsurface storm flow is discussed on the basis of both experimental evidence and theoretical studies. The limitations of models that treat macropores and matrix porosity as separate flow domains is stressed. Little-understood areas are discussed as promising lines for future research. In particular, there is a need for a coherent theory of flow through structured soils that would make the macropore domain concept redundant. Potential, Diameter, kPa tamNelson and Baver [1940] >-3.0

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Section: Dynamics Of Macroporositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Macropores and water flow in soils

Beven¹,

Germann²

1982

Water Resources Research

2,295

1,283

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“…Die Untersuchungen wurden an drei monolithischen, wägbaren Lysimetern (rund, je 1 m 2 Fläche, 3 m Höhe, Anlage 1974-1979-Moritz et al, 1991 Moritz et al, 1991und Keese et ai, 1996. Im September 1994 erfolgte die Zerlegung und Untersuchung der Monolithe im Rahmen eines interdisziplinären Projektes jeweils getrennt in Schichten sowie Rand-und Kernzone.…”

Section: Materials Und Methodenunclassified

Vorkommen und bedeutung von lumbriciden in lysimetern

Merbach

Keplin

1996

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

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In 3 Lysimetern (Standort Brandis bei Leipzig) mit Bodenmonolithen (Lys. 5 -Braunerde, Lys. 7 -Pseudogley, Lys. 10 -Schwarzerde) wurden im September 1994 vergleichend zu Bodenprofilen der Herkunftsflächen schichtweise bis Im Tiefe Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen von Lumbriciden durchgeführt. Die Anzahl der Regenwürmer stieg mit zunehmendem pH-Wert und C org -Gehalt in der Reihenfolge Lys. 10 > Lys. 7 > Lys. 5. Auf Grund des geringen Probenumfangs können keine flächenbezogenen Aussagen abgeleitet werden. Es wurden überwiegend endogäische Würmer gefunden. Es ließ sich nicht mit Sicherheit feststellen, ob die anözischen Würmer in den Lysimetern leben oder sich nur kurzzeitig dort aufhalten. Durchgängige vertikale Regenwurmgänge, wie sie abschnittsweise in verschiedenen Tiefen an senkrechten Schnitten mit Hilfe der Computertomographie nachgewiesen wurden, würden für einen ständi-gen Aufenthalt anözischer Arten sprechen. Nur dann sind Schlußfolgerungen zur Tätigkeit der Tiefgräber und deren Einfluß auf Infiltration, Nähr-und Schadstofftransport möglich. Vergleichsuntersuchungen an Bodenprofilen der Herkunftsflächen zeigten, daß wohl auf Grund der andersartigen Bewirtschaftung nur eine partielle Übereinstimmung im Regenwurmvorkommen zwischen Lysimetern und Bodenprofilen besteht. Da auch viele Ackerböden einen sehr geringen Regenwurmbesatz aufweisen, scheint eine Übertra-gung der Lysimeterergebnisse auf das Freiland unter diesem Gesichtspunkt möglich zu sein. STICHWÖRTER: Regenwürmer, Lysimeterversuch, Bodentyp, Vergleichsfläche, Handauslese OCCURENCE AND IMPORTANCE OF EARTHWORMS IN LYSIMETERSIn 3 lysimeters (in Brandis near Leipzig) with soil monoliths (lys. 5 -brown earth, lys. 7 -pseudogley, lys. 10-chernosem) the occurence of earthworms in different layers was investigated in September 1994 up to a depth of 1 m in comparison to soil profiles at their places of origin. The number of earthworms increased with increasing pH and C org in the order lys. 10 > lys. 7 > lys. 5. Because of the minimal sample volume statements per area cannot be made. Endogeic worms dominated. It is not safe to say whether anezic worms were resident there or whether they were only staying there shortly. Continuous vertical earthworm burrows demonstrated at vertical sections in different depths at soil segments by computer tomography may be an indication for the permanent presence of anezic worms. Only then conclusions can be drawn on the activity of anezic worms and their influence on infiltration and nutrient and pollutant transport. Investigations at the soil profiles of the original areas show only a partly correspondence of the earthworm occurence between lysimeters and soil profiles due to different management. The transfer of lysimeter results to the field seems to be possible under this point of view because many arable soils are poor in earthworms. Dr. Ines Merbach, UFZ Umweltforschungszentrum

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“…Similar results are reported by other studies on mole hills. Not without reason, the mole has been called a 'zoological base pump' (Graff and Makeshin 1979 ). Pocket gopher burrowing activities have comparable effects (Mielke 1977 ;Huntly and Inouye 1988 ).…”

Section: Bioturbation (Soil Mixing Aeration Translocation Of Soil Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comparatively small amount of soil translocated by sousliks can be ascribed to their foraging behavior. Sousliks graze on the ground surface, while moles search below-ground for earthworms and other invertebrates, and thus have to move comparatively more soil (Graff and Makeshin 1979 ).…”

Section: Bioturbation (Soil Mixing Aeration Translocation Of Soil Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least locally, as, for example, in rodent colonies, burrowing and digging animals are hardly less important than the permanently (e.g., earthworms, termites) or temporarily soil-dwelling (terricolous) invertebrates. Therefore, bulk density in soils infl uenced by prairie dogs, ground squirrels, kangaroo rats, moles and mole rats, for example, differs considerably from bulk density in undisturbed soils (Ellison and Aldous 1952 ;Ross et al 1968 ;Laycock and Richardson 1975 ;Graff and Makeshin 1979 ;Lee 1986 ;Moorhead et al 1988 ;Mun and Whitford 1990 ;Heth 1991 ;Laundre 1993 ;Cortinas and Seastedt 1996 ).…”

Section: Bioturbation (Soil Mixing Aeration Translocation Of Soil Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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