The article deals with the Austrian-Russian writer Alja Rachmanova who became extremely popular in the 1930s. Describing her experiences during and aft er the October Revolution, her writings served the deeply rooted anti-communist resentments at the time, particularly within political contexts of the Catholic-Fascist and vehemently anti-Bolshevist Austrian “Ständestaat”. How can her success be explained by way of historical context; and why did it decline abruptly aft er the “Anschluss” of Austria to Nazi Germany?