Dermal thirdhand smoke exposure induces oxidative damage, initiates skin inflammatory markers, and adversely alters the human plasma proteome

Sakamaki-Ching, Shane; Schick, Suzaynn F.; Grigorean, Gabriela; Li, Jun; Talbot, Prue

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104256

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…75 A similar relationship has been reported in a vape shop in southern California, where ECEAR (the EC counterpart of THS) accumulated over time reaching 3.6 mg of nicotine per gram of fabric by 1 month of sampling. 36 following dermal and inhalation exposure; 76,77 however, little is known about the effects of ECEAR on human health. Because retention of inhaled EC chemicals was high in most JUUL users, the concentrations of exhaled nicotine, menthol, PG, and G were low, and accordingly their contributions to ECEAR were a small percent of the total chemicals in an EC puff.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure, Retention, Exhalation, Symptoms, and Environmental Accumulation of Chemicals During JUUL Vaping

Hua

Luo

Khachatoorian

et al. 2023

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Little is known about the chemical exposures that electronic cigarette (EC) users receive and emit during JUUL vaping and if exposures produce symptoms dose dependently. This study examined chemical exposure (dose), retention, symptoms during vaping, and the environmental accumulation of exhaled propylene glycol (PG), glycerol (G), nicotine, and menthol in a cohort of human participants who vaped JUUL "Menthol" ECs. We refer to this environmental accumulation as "EC exhaled aerosol residue" (ECEAR). Chemicals were quantified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in JUUL pods before and after use, lab-generated aerosols, human exhaled aerosols, and in ECEAR. Unvaped JUUL "Menthol" pods contained ∼621.3 mg/mL of G, ∼264.9 mg/mL of PG, ∼59.3 mg/mL of nicotine, ∼13.3 mg/mL of menthol, and ∼0.1 mg/mL of the coolant WS-23. Eleven experienced male EC users (aged 21−26) provided exhaled aerosol and residue samples before and after vaping JUUL pods. Participants vaped ad libitum for 20 min, while their average puff count (22 ± 6.4) and puff duration (4.4 ± 2.0) were recorded. The transfer efficiency of nicotine, menthol, and WS-23 from the pod fluid into the aerosol varied with each chemical and was generally similar across flow rates (9−47 mL/s). At 21 mL/s, the average mass of each chemical retained by the participants who vaped 20 min was 53.2 ± 40.3 mg for G, 18.9 ± 14.3 mg for PG, 3.3 ± 2.7 mg for nicotine, and 0.5 ± 0.4 mg for menthol, with retention deduced to be ∼90−100% for each chemical. There was a significant positive relationship between the number of symptoms during vaping and total chemical mass retained. ECEAR accumulated on enclosed surfaces where it could contribute to passive exposure. These data will be valuable to researchers studying human exposure to EC aerosols and agencies that regulate EC products.

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Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure, Retention, Exhalation, Symptoms, and Environmental Accumulation of Chemicals During JUUL Vaping

Hua

Luo

Khachatoorian

et al. 2023

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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“…We read with interest “ Thirdhand Smoke Exposure Induces Oxidative Damage, Initiates Skin Inflammatory Disease, and Adversely Alters the Human Plasma Proteome ” by Sakamaki-Ching et al., 1 which is reported by the authors as the first clinical study identifying the molecular adverse health effects of third-hand smoke (THS) dermal exposure in humans. Tobacco smoke exposure is not limited to Second-Hand smoke (SHS), THS, known as the combination of gases and particles that, after having smoked, persist on surfaces, in dust or even on people's hair, skin and clothing.…”

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confidence: 99%

“… 2 , 3 Until now, THS components were demonstrated to have damaging health effects, by being inhaled, ingested, and recently also was demonstrated that were even absorbed through the skin. 1 , 2 Sakamaki-Ching et al. work provide urinary biomarkers and plasma proteomics pathway analysis of the effects of THS, demonstrating acute dermal THS exposure is not only harmful to humans, but also has the potential to initiate diseases.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Although the study only included 10 individuals, it is enough to show that exposure to THS increases tobacco specific biomarkers (as cotinine) in urine, indicating the possible use of such biomarkers to objectively quantify THS exposure, in addition to self-reported information regarding tobacco exposure, and other biomarkers such as nicotine that accumulates on the hands. 1 Moreover, according to Sakamaki-Ching et al. study, THS exposure alters human plasma proteome, initiates mechanisms of skin inflammatory disease, and elevates urinary biomarkers of oxidative harm, these harmful effects being similar to those of cigarette smoking.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…study, THS exposure alters human plasma proteome, initiates mechanisms of skin inflammatory disease, and elevates urinary biomarkers of oxidative harm, these harmful effects being similar to those of cigarette smoking. 1 …”

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confidence: 99%

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