Dermorphin inhibits spinal nociceptive flexion reflex in humans

Sandrin, Giorgio; Ubert, Ettore C. Degli; Salvadori, Severo; Margutti, Angelo; Trasforini, Giorgio; Tomatis, Roberto; Nappi, Giuseppe; Pansini, R

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)90376-8

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…12 The existence of circadian changes in human pain threshold values has been documented by several studies using psychophysical methods, as well as neurophysiological investigation of the nociceptive reflex. [17][18][19][20][21] The close relationship between the threshold of the reflex and that of subjective perceived pain confirms that this reflex is nociceptive in its nature. 16 Nociceptive RIIIs known to yield reproducibility of responses and good subject tolerability, have been used extensively in human pain research, including studies assessing the analgesic activity of drugs and nonpharmacological therapies.…”

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confidence: 55%

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Impaired Circadian Rhythmicity of Nociceptive Reflex Threshold in Cluster Headache

Nappi¹,

Sandrini²,

Alfonsi³

et al. 2002

Headache

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confidence: 55%

“…This phase shift is similar to those observed in other chronobiological studies concerning autonomic and neuroendocrine parameters. 19,20,35 Moreover, several limbic and midbrain areas are involved in the modulation of this reflex. In our study, a disruption of the circadian pattern of lower limb RIII threshold has been observed in CCH.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Circadian Rhythmicity of Nociceptive Reflex Threshold in Cluster Headache

Nappi¹,

Sandrini²,

Alfonsi³

et al. 2002

Headache

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“…Nonetheless, the existence of descending inhibitory opiatergic pathways remains undisputed (23). The interruption of these pathways resulting in a receptor supersensitivity could explain the high sensitivity of paraplegic patients to the administration of morphine or morphine-like substances (44,45). A marked naloxone-reversible inhibition of nociceptive flexion reflexes is also induced by met-enkephalin analogs (46).…”

Section: Opioid Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nociceptive Flexion Reflex as a Tool for Exploring Pain Control Systems in Headache and Other Pain Syndromes

et al. 1993

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The authors review the neural pathways mediating nociceptive flexion reflexes, the method for analyzing these reflexes in human beings, and available data on their modulation by supraspinal, opioid as well as serotonergic systems. They present results of studies of the biceps femoris flexion reflex (RIII) in pain syndromes and various types of headache. Nociceptive flexor reflexes appear to be interesting for studying the pathophysiology of head pain mechanisms and possibly for evaluating analgesic treatment.

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“…Serotoninergic and noradrenergic pain modulatory systems have shown to interact at the spinal cord level to produce a more powerful antinociception (Pertovaara, ). Both, serotoninergic drugs and opioids have been shown to modulate the NWR thresholds (Willer & Bussel, ; Willer, ; Willer et al ., ; Sandrini et al ., ,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Venlafaxine and oxycodone effects on human spinal and supraspinal pain processing: a randomized cross‐over trial

Lelic

Fischer

Olesen

et al. 2016

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Severe pain is often treated with opioids. Antidepressants that inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake (SNRI) have also shown a pain relieving effect, but for both SNRI and opioids, the specific mode of action in humans remains vague. This study investigated how oxycodone and venlafaxine affect spinal and supraspinal pain processing. Twenty volunteers were included in this randomized cross-over study comparing 5-day treatment with venlafaxine, oxycodone and placebo. As a proxy of the spinal pain transmission, the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) to electrical stimulation on the sole of the foot was recorded at the tibialis anterior muscle before and after 5 days of treatment. For the supraspinal activity, 61-channel electroencephalogram evoked potentials (EPs) to the electrical stimulations were simultaneously recorded. Areas under curve (AUCs) of the EMG signals were analyzed. Latencies and AUCs were computed for the major EP peaks and brain source analysis was done. The NWR was decreased in venlafaxine arm (P = 0.02), but the EP parameters did not change. Oxycodone increased the AUC of the EP response (P = 0.04). Oxycodone also shifted the cingulate activity anteriorly in the mid-cingulate-operculum network (P < 0.01), and the cingulate activity was increased while the operculum activity was decreased (P = 0.02). Venlafaxine exerts its effects on the modulation of spinal nociceptive transmission, which may reflect changes in balance between descending inhibition and descending facilitation. Oxycodone, on the other hand, exerts its effects at the cortical level. This study sheds light on how opioids and SNRI drugs modify the human central nervous system and where their effects dominate.

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Dermorphin inhibits spinal nociceptive flexion reflex in humans

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Impaired Circadian Rhythmicity of Nociceptive Reflex Threshold in Cluster Headache

Impaired Circadian Rhythmicity of Nociceptive Reflex Threshold in Cluster Headache

The Nociceptive Flexion Reflex as a Tool for Exploring Pain Control Systems in Headache and Other Pain Syndromes

Venlafaxine and oxycodone effects on human spinal and supraspinal pain processing: a randomized cross‐over trial

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