Desalination using electrodialysis as a function of voltage and salt concentration

Banasiak, Laura; Kruttschnitt, Thomas W.; Schäfer, A.I.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2006.04.038

Cited by 148 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This result agrees with that obtained in the previous studies (Kabay et al 2002;Banasiak et al 2007;Kabay et al 2008;Shady et al 2012).…”

Section: Statistical Analysis and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…A literature survey revealed that DR was increased with the applied potential but it was decreased at high values of salt concentration (Banasiak et al 2007;Sadrzadeh and Mohammadi 2008;Shady et al 2012). Sadrzadeh and Mohammadi (2008) and Ben Sik Ali et al (2010a) observed that the salt percent removal increases when the flow rates decrease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many factors influence the ED performance such as applied potential (Elmidaoui et al 2002;Banasiak et al 2007), salt concentration (Banasiak et al 2007;Shady et al 2012), flow rate of dilute compartment and temperature (Sadrzadeh and Mohammadi 2008;Ben Sik Ali et al 2010a;Shady et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodialytic desalination of brackish water: determination of optimal experimental parameters using full factorial design

et al. 2017

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The aim of this work is to study the desalination of brackish water by electrodialysis (ED). A two levelthree factor (2 3 ) full factorial design methodology was used to investigate the influence of different physicochemical parameters on the demineralization rate (DR) and the specific power consumption (SPC). Statistical design determines factors which have the important effects on ED performance and studies all interactions between the considered parameters. Three significant factors were used including applied potential, salt concentration and flow rate. The experimental results and statistical analysis show that applied potential and salt concentration are the main effect for DR as well as for SPC. The effect of interaction between applied potential and salt concentration was observed for SPC. A maximum value of 82.24% was obtained for DR under optimum conditions and the best value of SPC obtained was 5.64 Wh L -1 . Empirical regression models were also obtained and used to predict the DR and the SPC profiles with satisfactory results. The process was applied for the treatment of real brackish water using the optimal parameters.

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“…This result agrees with that obtained in the previous studies (Kabay et al 2002;Banasiak et al 2007;Kabay et al 2008;Shady et al 2012).…”

Section: Statistical Analysis and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodialytic desalination of brackish water: determination of optimal experimental parameters using full factorial design

et al. 2017

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“…As membranas ânion e cátion seletivas são Selemion AMV e Selemion CMV, respectivamente, com uma área de 63,61 cm 2 . Os compartimentos laterais foram preenchidos com uma solução de sulfato de sódio 0,2 mol L -1 como solução eletrolítica, 22,23 concentração esta que foi utilizada por questões de design e resistência elétrica da célula eletrodialítica. 24 Os resultados obtidos são expressos em termos de redução percentual de íons nitrato e cromo.…”

Section: Aplicação Do Tratamento De Eletrodiáliseunclassified

Aplicação da técnica de eletrodiálise no tratamento de efluentes de tingimento de gemas contendo íons nitrato e cromo

Magalhães¹,

Machado²,

Ethur³

et al. 2016

Quim. Nova

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large quantities of potentially harmful wastewater to the environment, such as, effluent with chromium and nitrate ions. The aim of the present study was investigate the electrodialysis technique efficiency in the removal of contaminant ions present in wastewater generated by the agate dyeing industry and evaluate the toxicity of the effluent studied. The electrodialysis experiments were performed in acrylic cell 5 compartments separated by ion selective membranes and fitted with a 70TiO 2 /30RuO 2 DSA® anode and a titanium plate as cathode. After application of the electrodialysis treatment, toxicity of the effluent was evaluated in two different trophic levels, Artemia salina and Lactuca sativa. The results indicated the removal of 233.3 mg L -1 of nitrate and 223.6 mg L -1 of chromium was extracted, in flow mode. The toxicity tests showed a tendency to decrease the percentage of mortality of organisms after application of the electrodialysis technique. Thus, it concludes that the electrodialysis is an effective method for treating effluents containing metal ions, and is possible reuse the recovered solutions in the dyeing process.Keywords: electrodialysis; wastewater treatment; toxicity; clean technologies. INTRODUÇÃOO Brasil destaca-se mundialmente pela diversidade de gemas encontradas em seu solo. O estado do Rio Grande do Sul apresenta um dos maiores centros de produção gemológica do país. 1 Alguns municípios concentram um alto número de indústrias de processamento com empresas de pequeno, médio e grande porte que atuam no setor de beneficiamento de gemas. Dentre estas, destaca-se a ágata, que pode ser utilizada em sua forma natural ou modificada, na maioria das vezes, por processos de tingimento com corantes e obtenção de várias colorações como rosa, roxa, verde e vermelha. 2 Os processos convencionais de tingimento envolvem tratamentos térmicos 3 e empregam corantes orgânicos sintéticos tais como cristal violeta e rodamina-B, 4 além de soluções contendo nitrato, cianeto ou amônio e complexos de cromo ou ferro 2 e têm gerado consideráveis volumes de efluentes líquidos caracterizados por colorações acentuadas, concentrações elevadas de íons de vários metais, além de alta carga orgânica, tendo como consequências a geração de um passivo ambiental, já que esses corantes são potenciais contaminantes.Atualmente, há um crescente interesse em processos alternativos de tratamento de águas residuais que gerem o mínimo de agressão ao meio ambiente, sejam economicamente viáveis e permitam o reuso da água. Estudos na área de tratamento de efluentes dos tingimentos de gemas têm sido realizados a partir de processos fotocatalíticos e de adsorção no caso da remoção da rodamina-B, 5 métodos fotocatalíti-cos 6 e de biossorção 7 para a degradação do cristal violeta, além dos métodos de oxidação química 8 e por Fenton, 9 que visam a remoção dos componentes orgânicos. Entretanto, há a necessidade de técnicas que permitam a remoção dos íons metálicos presentes nesses efluentes.A eletrodiálise (ED) é uma técnica eletroquímica q...

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“…In general, high removals of metals are achieved by this process although membrane type affects metal removal [46,134,8,130,9]. Metal speciation plays an important role.…”

Section: Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenobiotics Removal by Membrane Technology: An Overview

Semiao

Schäfer

2009

Environmental Pollution

Self Cite

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Small molecular weight xenobiotics are compounds of extreme concern in potable water applications due to their adverse human health and environmental effects. However, conventional water treatment processes cannot fully and systematically remove them due to their low concentrations in natural waters and wastewaters. Biological limitation to degrade such compounds is another cause for inefficient removal.Physical barriers like membranes possessing pore sizes smaller than the compounds to be removed emerged as a good solution. Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis proved to be quite effective for xenobiotics removal in potable water production in the Paris purification plant of Méry-sur-Oise. However, even these very narrow pore membrane processes may result in incomplete removal: xenobiotics retention is high but factors such as adsorption, size exclusion and charge repulsion affect unpredictably their retention. The water solutions complexity to be treated renders xenobiotics removal predictions even more difficult due to interactions between xenobiotics and compounds in water.Removal of xenobiotics by microfiltration and ultrafiltration is very low because adsorption on the membrane is the main retention mechanism. Combining those with other processes (e.g. activated carbon) can considerably improve xenobiotics removal.The least studied processes in xenobiotics removal are electrodialysis, membrane distillation and pervaporation. Electrodialysis removal of organic xenobiotics shows a breakthrough through the membrane possibly due to adsorption followed by diffusion. Membrane distillation presents high removal rates of xenobiotics due to the compounds low vapour pressure. For volatile organic xenobiotics or solutions of trace amounts both membrane distillation and pervaporation can be used, xenobiotics interaction with the membrane being the key factor.In this book chapter a thorough synopsis of current knowledge on xenobiotics removal is presented and balanced with recent fundamental studies of underlying mechanisms, informing both the practitioner regarding membrane capabilities for xenobiotics removal and the researcher with the current state-of-art.

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Desalination using electrodialysis as a function of voltage and salt concentration

Cited by 148 publications

References 16 publications

Electrodialytic desalination of brackish water: determination of optimal experimental parameters using full factorial design

Electrodialytic desalination of brackish water: determination of optimal experimental parameters using full factorial design

Aplicação da técnica de eletrodiálise no tratamento de efluentes de tingimento de gemas contendo íons nitrato e cromo

Xenobiotics Removal by Membrane Technology: An Overview

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