Design a Wireless Power Transfer System with Variable Gap Applied to Left Ventricular Assist Devices

Gharghan

Soliman

2022

IET Power Electronics

Wireless power transfer (WPT) techniques have been utilized in various biomedical applications to overcome the challenges of battery capacity and lifetime, and high-cost surgical interventions, using biomedical implants (BMIs) and biomedical sensors (BMSs), including deep brain stimulators, capsule endoscopes, pacemakers, and cardiac monitoring sensors. In this article, near-field WPT methods in BMIs and BMSs, including magnetic resonator coupling (MRC), inductive coupling (IC), and capacitive coupling (CC), are reviewed, and some biomedical applications of these methods are highlighted. The applications of WPT have been explored in recent years to enhance the major performance metrics of BMIs. The main topologies of MRC-WPT are presented, and the main mathematical models related to each type were extracted from previous studies and detailed here. Additionally, the main performance metrics and results achieved, along with their suggested biomedical applications, are summarized in a comparison table. Some challenges and limitations of using WPT in the biomedical field and suggestions for improving the efficiency of WPT for biomedical applications are also discussed. Furthermore, future trends in WPT-based BMIs are also highlighted.

Section: Ventricular Assist Devices and Cardiac Pacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐field wireless power transfer used in biomedical implants: A comprehensive review

Gharghan

Soliman

2022

IET Power Electronics

“…There are many papers in the literature on the use of WPT technology to recharge AIMD batteries, which require low power and are subcutaneously implanted (e.g., pacemakers) [9][10][11]. Only a few studies delas with possible applications of WPT technology to deep high-power implants such as LVADs [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: (A) (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main disadvantage of this configuration is complexity, mostly for the implantation procedure. Simple architectures areproposed in [16][17][18] to power the LVAD, but no results are given regarding thermal and electromagnetic-field (EMF) safety. In [18,19], analysis only focuses on the influence of coil misalignment and on tissue heating.…”

Section: (A) (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simple architectures areproposed in [16][17][18] to power the LVAD, but no results are given regarding thermal and electromagnetic-field (EMF) safety. In [18,19], analysis only focuses on the influence of coil misalignment and on tissue heating. Two possible WPT solutions are proposed in [20]: (1) a subcutaneous receiving coil connected to the LVAD by a short driveline, completely inside the human body; and (2) an LVAD with a receiving circuit and coil, both integrated on it, as shown in Figure 1b.…”

Section: (A) (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) The LVAD, deeply implanted in the human body and attached to the left ventricle of the heart, must be continuously powered with 5 W of average power and 20 W of peak power under any operating condition; (2) The WPT transmitter must provide a fairly uniform field over a relatively large region, as the exact location of the implanted LVAD depends on the physical conformation of the patient; There are many papers in the literature on the use of WPT technology to recharge AIMD batteries, which require low power and are subcutaneously implanted (e.g., pacemakers) [9][10][11]. Only a few studies delas with possible applications of WPT technology to deep high-power implants such as LVADs [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Main Design Specifications Of Wpt System For Lvadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Coil Design of a Wireless Power-Transfer Receiver Integrated into a Left Ventricular Assist Device

et al. 2021

This study deals with the design of a near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) system applied to a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) to treat patients with heart-failure problems. An LVAD is an implanted electrically driven pump connected to the heart and is traditionally powered by batteries external to the human body via a percutaneous driveline cable. The main challenge of wirelessly powering an LVAD implanted deep in the human body is to transfer relatively high power with high efficiency levels. Here the optimal design of the primary and secondary WPT coils is proposed to improve the performance of the WPT, avoiding possible safety problems of electromagnetic fields (EMF). As a main result, an average power of 5 W is continuously delivered to the LVAD by the WPT system working at 6.78 MHz with a total (DC–to–DC) efficiency of approximately 65% for the worst-case configuration.

Wireless Power Transfer Based on Spider Web–Coil for Biomedical Implants

Gharghan²,

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

A biomedical implant (BMI) is a device that allows patients to monitor their health condition at any time and obtain care from any location. However, the functionality of these devices is limited because of their restricted battery capacity, such that a BMI may not attain its full potential. Wireless power transfer technology-based magnetic resonant coupling (WPT-MRC) is considered a promising solution to the problem of restricted battery capacity in BMIs. In this paper, spider web coil-MRC (SWC-MRC) was designed and practically implemented to overcome the restricted battery life in low-power BMIs. A series/parallel (S/P) topology for powering the BMI was proposed in the design of the SWC-MRC. Several experiments were conducted in the lab to investigate the performance of the SWC-MRC system in terms of DC output voltage, power transfer, and transfer efficiency at different resistive loads and distances. The experimental results of the SWC-MRC test revealed that when the Vsource is 30 V, the DC output voltage of 5 V can be obtained at 1 cm. At such a distance (i.e., 1 cm), the SWC-MRC transfer efficiency is 91.86% and 97.91%, and the power transfer is 13.26 W and 23.5 W when 50-and 100-Ω resistive loads were adopted, respectively. A power transfer of 12.42 W and transfer efficiency of 93.38% were achieved at 2 cm for when a 150-Ω resistive load and a Vsource of 35 V were considered. The achieved performance was adequate for charging some BMIs, such as a pacemaker.