Design and Simulation of a 3-Transistor Active Pixel Sensor Using MATLAB Simulink

A Review of Optical Sensors in CMOS

“…Consequently, any disruptions along the column line significantly affect the charge signal, resulting in reduced sensitivity and increased noise [78,80]. Figure 11b illustrates the second type of pixel, i.e., the active pixel sensor (APS) [65,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87], which consists of a matrix of pixels in the same way as the PPS, but with the difference of containing three MOSFETs, where M1 is the reset transistor, M2 is the amplifying transistor, and M3 is the pixel address transistor. The APS has three modes of The first type of pixel used on CMOS image sensors and presented in this paper is the passive pixel sensor (PPS) [65,77], whose structure is shown in Figure 11a.…”

“…Figure 11b illustrates the second type of pixel, i.e., the active pixel sensor (APS) [65,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87], which consists of a matrix of pixels in the same way as the PPS, but with the difference of containing three MOSFETs, where M 1 is the reset transistor, M 2 is the amplifying transistor, and M 3 is the pixel address transistor. The APS has three modes of operation: the reset mode, the integration mode, and the readout mode [12,22,35,[88][89][90].…”